Study on the Effect of Yielding Support and Energy Characteristics of Surrounding Rock in Deep Soft Rock Tunnel

  • Wang Yulong ,
  • Zheng Yuchao ,
  • Zhao Zhonglan ,
  • Zhu Binzhong
Expand
  • 1. China Railway Xi'an Survey and Design Research Institute Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710000 P.R. China;
    2. School of Civil Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China

Received date: 2025-11-15

  Online published: 2026-09-07

Abstract

As an effective measure to solve the cracking problem of primary support in large deformation tunnels, yielding support has an important influence on the mechanical properties of primary support and the energy characteristics of the surrounding rock. Based on the stress-strain curves of common yielding members, the mechanical characteristics of yielding members are summarized, and a numerical method is developed to realize the mechanical properties of yielding members based on the Beam element and Interface element. The concrete elastoplastic damage constitutive model is used to carry out numerical calculation, and the influence of yield member position and its constant resistance on the mechanical properties of the initial support and surrounding rock energy is discussed. The results indicate that: It is beneficial to reduce the internal force and damage of spray layer and the stress and energy of surrounding rock by setting compression members in different positions, and when the maximum initial geostress is oriented horizontally, the pressure-relief effect of yield members subjected to horizontal deformation is more pronounced. When the yield member position is fixed and the constant resistance is different, the maximum damage of spray layer, bending moment and axial force all increase first and then decrease with the increase of constant resistance, and the rock stress and elastic strain energy density around the hole also increase first and then decrease with the increase of constant resistance.

Cite this article

Wang Yulong , Zheng Yuchao , Zhao Zhonglan , Zhu Binzhong . Study on the Effect of Yielding Support and Energy Characteristics of Surrounding Rock in Deep Soft Rock Tunnel[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2026 , 22(4) : 1390 -1399 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.04.27

References

[1] 关宝树.软弱围岩隧道变形及其控制技术[J].隧道建设,2011,31(1):1-17. (Guan Baoshu. Deformation of Tunnels with Soft Surrounding Rocks and its Control [J]. Tunnel Construction, 2011,31(1):1-17. (in Chinese))
[2] Chen Z Q, He C, Yang W B,et al. Impacts of geological conditions on instability causes and mechanical behavior of large-scale tunnels: a case study from the Sichuan-Tibet highway[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Emronmant, 2020, 79: 3667-3688.
[3] Xiao P, Li D, Zhao G,et al. New criterion for the spalling failure of deep rock engineering based on energy release[J]. Interactional Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 2021, 148: 104943.
[4] 王小林,黄彦波. 中外高地应力软岩隧道大变形工程技…寨岭隧道与瑞士圣哥达基线隧道为例[J]. 隧道建设(中英文), 2018, 38(10): 1621-1629. (Wang Xiaolin, Huang Yanbo. Comparison of Large Deformation Control Technologies for Soft Rock Tunnel with High Ground Stress between China and Foreign Countries:a Case Study of Muzhailing Tunnel on Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway inChina and Saint Gotthard Base Tunnel in Switzerland [J]. Tunnel Construction, 2018, 38(10): 1621-1629. (in Chinese)).
[5] 何春保,舒丽红. 兰渝铁路高地应力软岩隧道变形机理和施工控制[J]. 铁道工程学报, 2014(5): 68-73. (He Chunbao, Shu Lihong. Deformation Mechanization and Construction Control of High Ground Stresses Soft Rock Tunnel in Lanzhou-Chongqing Railway [J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society, 2014(5): 68-73. (in Chinese))
[6] Yang K,Yan Q X, Shi Z D, et al. Numerical Study on the Mechanical Behavior of Shotcrete Lining with Yielding Support in Large Deformation Tunnel[J].Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering,2022,56(2):1563-1584.
[7] 汪波,喻炜,訾信,等.软岩大变形隧道不同支护模式的合理性探讨——以木寨岭公路隧道为例[J].隧道建设(中英文),2023,43(1):36-47. (Wang Bo, Yu Wei, Zi Xin, et al. Rationality of Various Support Types of Muzhailing Highway Tunnel in Soft Rocks with Large Deformation [J].Tunnel Construction, 2023,43(1):36-47 (in Chinese))
[8] 海卫国.川西鲜水河构造带应力场特征及深埋隧道稳定性分析[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2021. (Hai Weiguo. Primary study on stress field characteristics and genetic mechanism of Xianshuihe tectonic belt in western Sichuan [D]. Beijing: China University of Geosciences, 2021. (in Chinese))
[9] 刘喆.高地应力软岩大变形隧道支护结构设计研究[J].铁路工程技术与经济,2020,35(6):29-32. (Liu Zhe. Study on Supporting Structure Design of Tunnel [J]. Railway Engineering Technology and Economy, 2020,35(6):29-32. (in Chinese))
[10] Barla G, Bonini M, Semeraro M. Analysis of the behaviour of a yield-control support system in squeezing rock[J].Water and Eenrgy International,2011,68(1):77-77.
[11] Kovári K, Staus J. Basic considerations on tunnelling in squeezing ground[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 1996, 29(4): 203-210.
[12] 陈卫忠,田洪铭,杨阜东,等.泡沫混凝土预留变形层对深埋软岩隧道长期稳定性影响研究[J].岩土力学,2011,32(9):2577-2583. (Chen Weizhong, Tian Hongming, Yang Fudong, et al. Study of effects of foam concrete preset deformation layer on long-term stability of deep soft rock tunnel [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2011,32(9):2577-2583. (in Chinese))
[13] Tian H M,Chen W Z, Yang D S, et al. Numerical analysis on the interaction of shotcrete liner with rock for yielding supports[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology incorporating Trenchless Technology Research, 2016: 5420-5428.
[14] Wu G J, Chen W Z, Tian H M, et al. Numerical evaluation of a yielding tunnel lining support system used in limiting large deformation in squeezing rock[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2018,77(12):1-10.
[15] Zhang C X, Tan X J, Tian H M, et al. Lateral compression and energy absorption of foamed concrete-filled polyethylene circular pipe as yielding layer for high geo-stress soft rock tunnels[J]. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology,2022,32(5):1087-1096.
[16] Xu J F, Xie X Y, Shi Z, et al. Experimental study on performance of spring damping support structure system for large deformation tunnel in soft rock[J]. Underground Space,2024,15221-15243.
[17] 仇文革,王刚,龚伦,等.一种适应隧道大变形的限阻耗能型支护结构研发与应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2018,37(8):1785-1795. (Qiu Wenge, Wang Gang, Gong Lun, et al. Research and application of resistance-limiting and energy-dissipating support in large deformation tunnel [J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2018,37(8):1785-1795. (in Chinese))
[18] 罗江,王刚,白柱,等.限阻耗能型支护在高速公路软岩大变形隧道中的应用——以玉楚高速公路齐云隧道为例[J].隧道建设(中英文),2023,43(5):856-864. (Luo Jiang, Wang Gang, Bai Zhu, et al. Application of Support-Resistant Limiting Damper in Soft Rock Highway Tunnel with Large Deformation: a Case Study of Qiyun Tunnel of Yuxi-Chuxiong Expressway [J]. Tunnel Construction, 2023,43(5):856-864. (in Chinese))
[19] 邵珠山,陈鑫源,洪思源,等.内置让压元件衬砌支护刚度计算方法研究[J].铁道标准设计, 2023,67(1):41-47. (Shao Zhushan, Chen Xinyuan, Hong Siyuan, et al. Study on Calculation Method of Support Stiffness of Lining with Yielding Elements [J]. Railway Standard Design, 2023,67(1):41-47. (in Chinese))
[20] 田云,陈卫忠,田洪铭,等.考虑软岩强度时效弱化的缓冲层让压支护设计研究[J].岩土力学, 2020,41(增1):237-245. (Tian Yun, Chen Weizhong, Tian Hongming, et al. Study on design of buffer layer yielding support considering time-effect weakening of soft rock strength [J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020,41(Supp.1):237-245. (in Chinese))
[21] Tian H M, Tian Y, Chen W Z, et al.Design of the yielding support used highly deformable elements for a tunnel excavated in squeezing rock[J].Journal of Mountain Science,2023,20(5):1458-1468.
[22] Barla G, Bonini M, Debernardi D. Time Dependent Deformations in Squeezing Tunnels[J]. American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2010(1):01-03.
[23] Tian Y, Chen W Z, Tian H M, et al. Parameter design of yielding layers for squeezing tunnels[J].Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2021,108103694.
[24] Sarikaya A, Erkmen R E.A plastic-damage model for concrete under compression[J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 2018, 150:584-593.
[25] Xu G W, He C,Wang J, et al.Study on the damage evolution of secondary tunnel lining in layered rock stratum[J].Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment,2020,79(7):1-25.
[26] 仇文革,李冰天,田明杰,等.基于现场实测的隧道初期支护受力模式分析[J].隧道建设(中英文),2017,37(12):1508-1517. (Qiu Wenge, Li Tianbing, Tian Mingjie, et al. Analysis of Force Mode of Tunnel Primary Support Based on Field Measurement [J]. Tunnel Construction, 2017,37(12):1508-1517.(in Chinese))
[27] Xu G W, Marte G. Study on the damage evolution in secondary tunnel lining under the combined actions of corrosion degradation of preliminary support and creep deformation of surrounding rock[J]. Transportation Geotechnics, 2020, (prepublish):100501.
[28] Zhang H, Huang Y J, Yang Z J, et al.A discrete-continuum coupled finite element modelling approach for fibre reinforced concrete[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2018,106130-106143.
Outlines

/

〈 〉