Research Status of Transparent Technology for Geological Information    of Ultra-Deep Buried Tunnels

  • Zhang Shishu ,
  • Yang Weimin ,
  • Qin Nianwen ,
  • Zhou Changjin ,
  • Lu Junfu
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  • 1. PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited, Chengdu 610031, P.R. China;
    2. School of Qilu Transportation,    Shandong University, Jinan 250002, P.R. China;
    3. China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Corporation Limited, Changsha 410100, P.R. China;
    4. China Railway 14th Bureau Group Co. Ltd., Jinan 250014, P.R. China;
    5. College of Environment and Civil Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, P.R. China

Received date: 2024-12-27

  Online published: 2026-04-28

Abstract

With the rapid development of infrastructure such as railways, highways, and water conservancy and hydropower projects in the western region of China, a number of extremely complex geological conditions and highly challenging ultra-deep buried tunnels have emerged. These developments place higher demands on the collection, analysis, and application of tunnel geological information. Geological information transparency technology plays a crucial role in ensuring safety, controlling costs, and optimizing construction progress, serving as key technical support for the smooth execution of ultra-deep buried tunnel projects. This paper systematically reviews the current development status of geological information detection technologies, covering remote sensing survey technology, geophysical exploration technology, and directional drilling technology in the pre-construction phase, as well as advanced geological forecasting technology during construction. The application scope and development directions of various technologies are analyzed. The paper also reviews the research status of multi-source geological information fusion technology and 3D geological modeling technology, detailing their progress and challenges in predicting geological conditions, model building, and applications. Finally, this paper looks ahead to the overall development of geological information transparency technology for tunnels: First, establishing a five-dimensional integrated detection system encompassing "space-air-ground-borehole-tunnel" to improve detection accuracy; second, developing intelligent geological monitoring technologies and equipment; and third, based on multi-source data fusion, constructing 3D geological models and applying virtual reality technology to achieve dynamic geological information visualization, thus enhancing the safety and efficiency of tunnel construction.

Cite this article

Zhang Shishu , Yang Weimin , Qin Nianwen , Zhou Changjin , Lu Junfu . Research Status of Transparent Technology for Geological Information    of Ultra-Deep Buried Tunnels[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2026 , 22(2) : 631 -645 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.02.25

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