The space around the proposed excavation in complex environments becomes increasingly limited, the semi-infinite space assumed by the classical earth pressure theory is inconsistent with actual engineering, resulting in a lack of reasonable calculation methods for active earth pressure in excavations with limited soil. Taking the flexible retaining piles and sandy soil of limited soil excavations as the research objects, using the single-row pile cantilever retaining mode and the bottom ends of the retaining piles fixed, four excavations model tests under different soil widths were carried out. To explore the distribution characteristics of active earth pressure and horizontal displacement of retaining piles along the retaining piles. The results show that the horizontal displacement of the retaining structure on each soil width side approximates a triangular displacement pattern, and the earth pressure gradually approximates a D-shaped distribution as the excavation depth increases, with the maximum value appearing at approximately 0.8H depth. The force analysis of the soil differential unit was performed through the limit equilibrium method, and the active earth pressure distribution of the finite soil under the limit state was deduced. Combined with the friction angle development model that considers the influence of displacement, the non-limit active earth pressure distribution and resultant force of the finite soil were deduced. and the height of the point of action. The effectiveness of the calculation method in this paper is verified by comparing the earth pressure test values with the theoretical values in this paper. Through parameter analysis, it was found that the earth pressure is positively related to the aspect ratio and negatively related to the internal friction angle. The critical aspect ratio ncr = 0.5 to distinguish between finite soil and semi-infinite soil.
[1] Handy R L.The arch in soil arching[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 1985, 111(3): 302-318.
[2] Khosravi M H,Pipatpongsa T, Takemura J.Experimental analysis of earth pressure against rigid retaining walls under translation mode[J].Géotechnique, 2013, 63(12): 1020-1028.
[3] Chen J J, Li M G, Wang J H.Active earth pressure against rigid retaining walls subjected to confined cohesionless soil[J].International Journal of Geomechanics, 2017, 17(6): 06016041.
[4] Lu C, Yang X Y, Zhang B C,et al.Estimation of active earth pressure for limited width of soil using nonlinear failure criterion[J].Geotechnical and Geological Engineering, 2022, 40(9): 4837-4846.
[5] Hu H, Yang F, Tang H, et al.Field study on earth pressure of finite soil considering soil displacement[J].Applied Sciences, 2022, 12(16): 8059.
[6] 马平, 秦四清, 钱海涛.有限土体主动土压力计算[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2008(增1): 3070-3074.(Ma Ping,Qin Siqing,Qian Haitao.Calculation of active earth pressure for limited soils[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2008(Supp.1): 3070-3074.(in Chinese))
[7] 杨明辉, 吴志勇, 赵明华.挡墙后有限宽度土体土拱效应分析及土压力计算方法[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 47(3): 19-27.(Yang Minghui, Wu Zhiyong, Zhao Minghua.Soil arch effect analysis and earth pressure calculating method for finite width soil behind retaining wall[J].Journal of Hunan University(Natural Sciences), 2020, 47(3): 19-27.(in Chinese))
[8] 杨明辉, 戴夏斌, 赵明华, 等.墙后有限宽度无黏性土主动土压力试验研究[J].岩土工程学报, 2016, 38(1): 131-137.(Yang Minghui, Dai Xiabin, Zhao Minghua, et al.Experimental study on active earth pressure of cohesionless soil with limited width behind retaining wall[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2016, 38(1): 131-137.(in Chinese))
[9] 杨明辉, 戴夏斌, 赵明华, 等.曲线滑裂面下有限宽度填土主动土压力计算[J].岩土力学, 2017, 38(7): 2029-2035.(Yang Minghui, Dai Xiabin, Zhao Minghua, et al.Calculation of active earth pressure for limited soils with curved sliding surface[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2017, 38(7): 2029-2035.(in Chinese))
[10] 夏明锬.基坑地连墙后有限土受力特性试验研究[J].地下空间与工程学报, 2022, 18(2): 546-553.(Xia Mingtan.Experimental analysis on mechanical characteristics of narrow backfill behind foundation pit diaphragm wall[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2022, 18(2): 546-553.(in Chinese))
[11] 徐日庆, 廖斌, 吴渐, 等.黏性土的非极限主动土压力计算方法研究[J].岩土力学, 2013, 34(1): 148-154.(Xu Riqing,Liao Bin,Wu Jian,et al.Computational method for active earth pressure of cohesive soil under nonlimit state[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2013, 34(1): 148-154.(in Chinese))
[12] 徐日庆, 徐叶斌, 程康, 等.有限土体下考虑土拱效应的非极限主动土压力解[J].岩土工程学报, 2020, 42(2): 362-371.(Xu Riqing, Xu Yebin, Cheng Kang, et al.Method to calculate active earth pressure considering soil arching effect under nonlimit state of clay[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2020, 42(2): 362-371.(in Chinese))
[13] 应宏伟, 黄东, 谢新宇.考虑邻近地下室外墙侧压力影响的平动模式挡土墙主动土压力研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(增1): 2970-2978.(Ying Hongwei,Huang Dong,Xie Xinyu.Study of active earth pressure on retaining wall subject to translation mode considering lateral pressure on adjacent existing basement exterior wall[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2011, 30(Supp.1): 2970-2978.(in Chinese))
[14] 胡卫东, 祝新念, 周喜宇.有限宽度无黏性砂土悬臂排桩柔性挡墙被动土压力试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(增2): 3748-3757.(Hu Weidong,Zhu Xinnian,Zhou Xiyu.Experimental study on passive earth pressures of cohesionless soils with limited width against cantilever piles flexible retaining walls[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2019, 38(Supp.2): 3748-3757.(in Chinese))
[15] 张恒志, 徐长节, 梁禄钜, 等.RB模式下刚性挡墙有限土体主动土压力的离散元模拟与理论研究[J].岩土力学, 2021, 42(10): 2895-2907.(Zhang Hengzhi, Xu Changjie, Liang Luju, et al.Discrete element simulation and theoretical study of active earth pressure against rigid retaining walls under rb mode for finite soils[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2021, 42(10): 2895-2907.(in Chinese))
[16] 刘新喜, 李彬, 王玮玮, 等.基于主应力迹线分层的有限土体土压力计算[J].岩土力学, 2022, 43(5): 1175-1186.(Liu Xinxi, Li Bin, Wang Weiwei, et al.Calculation of active earth pressure of finite soil based on layered principal stress trajectory[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2022, 43(5): 1175-1186.(in Chinese))
[17] Liu F Q.Lateral earth pressures acting on circular retaining walls[J].International Journal of Geomechanics, 2014, 14(3): 04014002.
[18] Khosravi M H.Arching effect in geomaterials with applications to retaining walls and undercut slopes.[D].Tokyo: Department of International Development Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology,2012.
[19] 王元战, 李新国, 陈楠楠.挡土墙主动土压力分布与侧压力系数[J].岩土力学, 2005(7): 1019-1022.(Wang Yuanzhan, Li Xinguo, Chen Nannan.Active earth pressure on a retaining wall and lateral coefficient of earth pressure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005(7): 1019-1022.(in Chinese))
[20] 费彩会,朱建明,林庆涛.临近地下室外墙的挡土墙主动土压力研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2017,13(4):1009-1015.(Fei Caihui,Zhu Jianming,Lin Qingtao.Research on active earth pressure behind retaining wall adjacent to basements exterior wall[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2017,13(4):1009-1015.(in Chinese))
[21] 张晋伟,周亦涛.考虑主应力旋转的倾斜挡墙地震主动土压力研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2025,21(4):1146-1154.(Zhang Jinwei,Zhou Yitao.Research on seismic active earth pressure of inclined rigidretaining wall considering principal stress rotation[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering,2025,21(4):1146-1154.(in Chinese))
[22] 李明广.基坑群中相邻围护结构受力变形特性研究[D].上海:上海交通大学, 2016.(Li Ming Guang.Study on behavior of adjacent retaining walls in multi-zone excavation[D].Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2016.(in Chinese))
