Cyclic and Post-Cyclic Liquefaction Behavior of Silty Sand

  • Shi Zhouhuan ,
  • Sun Honglei ,
  • Sun Miaojun ,
  • Pan Kun
Expand
  • 1. College of Civil Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China;
    2. POWERCHINA Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China

Received date: 2024-07-27

  Online published: 2025-05-06

Abstract

A series of cyclic triaxial tests on anisotropically consolidated sand samples were conducted to explore the effects of silt contents and consolidation stress conditions on the cyclic and post-cyclic liquefaction characteristics. The test results show that the silty sand exhibits three distinct response patterns: flow liquefaction, cyclic mobility, and residual deformation accumulation. Under the same initial state parameters, the cyclic liquefaction resistance of silty sand firstly increases and then decreases with the increase in silt content. The influence of anisotropic consolidation on the cyclic resistance is also nonmonotonic, depending on the direction and magnitude of the initial static deviator stress. Reliquefaction tests were performed on samples that are failed during the first cyclic stage, and it is found that the liquefaction resistance of samples exhibiting flow liquefaction or cyclic mobility decrease significantly in the post-cyclic tests. However, for the samples that are failed due to the residual deformation accumulation, the post-cyclic liquefaction resistance has an increasing tendency.

Cite this article

Shi Zhouhuan , Sun Honglei , Sun Miaojun , Pan Kun . Cyclic and Post-Cyclic Liquefaction Behavior of Silty Sand[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2025 , 21(2) : 490 -496 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2025.02.15

References

[1] 汪闻韶. 土的动力强度和液化特性[M]. 北京: 中国电力出版社, 1997.(Wang Wenshao. Dynamic strength and liquefaction characteristics of soil[M]. Beijing: China Electric Power Press, 1997. (in Chinese))
[2] 周元, 刘荣毅, 夏朝娟, 等. 青草沙水库围堤地基液化危害分析与治理研究[J]. 上海国土资源, 2021, 42(4): 96-100.(Zhou Yuan, Liu Rongyi, Xia Zhaojuan, et al. Analysis and treatment of liquefaction hazards in the embankment of Qingcaosha Reservoir[J]. Shanghai Land and Resources, 2021, 42(4): 96-100. (in Chinese))
[3] 涂兵雄, 胡舜娥, 刘士雨, 等. 水泥固化漳州滨海风积砂液化特征试验研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2019, 15(2): 402-408. (Tu Bingxiong, Hu Shune, Liu Shiyu, et al. Experimental study on liquefaction characteristics of cementified aeolian sand in Zhangzhou Coast [J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2019, 15(2): 402-408. (in Chinese))
[4] 董正方, 王仁辉, 曹献伟, 等. 黄泛区粉砂土动强度与抗液化强度试验研究[J]. 地震工程学报, 2021, 43(1): 162-168, 186.(Dong Zhengfang, Wang Renhui, Cao Xianwei, et al. Experimental study of dynamic and anti-liquefaction strengths of silty sand in Yellow River Flood Area[J]. China Earthquake Engineer Jouenal, 2021, 43(1): 162-168, 186. (in Chinese))
[5] 张晨阳, 谌民, 胡明鉴, 等.细颗粒组分含量对钙质砂抗剪强度的影响[J]. 岩土力学, 2019, 40(增1): 195-202.(Zhang Chenyang, Chen Min, Hu Mingjian, et al. Effect of fine particles content on shear strength of calcareous sand[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2019, 40(Supp.1): 195-202. (in Chinese))
[6] Carraro J A H, Prezzi M, Salgado R. Shear strength and stiffness of sands containing plastic or nonplastic fines[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2009, 135(9): 1167-1178.
[7] 朱建群, 孔令伟, 钟方杰. 粉粒含量对砂土强度特性的影响[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2007, 29(11): 1647-1652.(Zhu Jianqun, Kong Lingwei, Zhong Fangjie. Effect of powder content on strength characteristics of sand[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2007, 29(11): 1647-1652. (in Chinese))
[8] 陈国兴, 刘雪珠. 循环荷载作用下南京片状细砂的不排水动力性态[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2009, 31(10): 1498-1504.(Chen Guoxing, Liu Xuezhu. Undrained dynamic behavior of Nanjing flake fine sand under cyclic loading[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2009, 31(10): 1498-1504. (in Chinese))
[9] 吴琪, 杨铮涛, 刘抗, 等. 细粒含量对饱和珊瑚砂动力变形特性影响试验研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2022, 44(8): 1386-1396.(Wu Qi, Yang Zhengtao, Liu Kang, et al. Experimental study on the influence of fine particle content on dynamic deformation characteristics of saturated coral sand[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2022, 44(8): 1386-1396. (in Chinese))
[10] Polito C P, Martin II J R. Effects of nonplastic fines on the liquefaction resistance of sands[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2001, 127(5): 408-415.
[11] Stamatopoulos C A. An experimental study of the liquefaction strength of silty sands in terms of the state parameter[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2010, 30(8): 662-678.
[12] Porcino D D, Diano V. The influence of non-plastic fines on pore water pressure generation and undrained shear strength of sand-silt mixtures[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2017, 101: 311-321.
[13] Yasuda S, Harada K, Ishikawa K, et al. Characteristics of liquefaction in Tokyo Bay area by the 2011 Great East Japan earthquake[J]. Soils and Foundations, 2012, 52(5): 793-810.
[14] Finn W D L, Bransby P L, Pickering D J. Effect of strain history on liquefaction of sand[J]. Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, 1970, 96(6): 1917-1933.
[15] Suzuki T, Toki S. Effect of preshearing on liquefaction characteristics of saturated and subjected to cyclic loading[J]. Soils and Foundations, 1984, 12(2): 16-28.
[16] 潘华, 陈国兴, 刘汉龙. 饱和南京细砂液化后大变形特性试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2011, 30(7): 1475-1481. (Pan Hua, Chen Guoxing, Liu Hanlong. Experimental study on large deformation characteristics of saturated Nanjing fine sand after liquefaction[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2011, 30(7): 1475-1481. (in Chinese))
[17] 周云东, 袁印龙, 王志华. 饱和砂土地震液化后地面大位移特性研究[J]. 防灾减灾工程报, 2012(6): 720-724.(Zhou Yundong, Yuan Yinlong, Wang Zhihua. Research on large displacement characteristics of ground after earthquake liquefaction of saturated sand[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering, 2012(6): 720-724. (in Chinese))
[18] 张振东, 栾茂田, 金丹, 等. 循环预剪作用对饱和松砂抗液化强度影响[J]. 大连理工大学学报, 2010, 50(1): 111-116.(Zhang Zhendong, Luan Maotian, Jin Dan, et al. Effect of cyclic pre-shear on liquefaction strength of saturated pine sand[J]. Journal of Dalian University of Technology, 2010, 50(1): 111-116. (in Chinese))
[19] Emery J J, Finn D W L, Lee K W. Uniformity of saturated sand specimen[M]. Evaluation of relative density and its role in geotechnical projects involving cohesionless soils, 1973.
[20] Oda M, Kawamoto K, Suzuki K. Microstructural interpretation on reliquefaction of saturated granular soils under cyclic loading[J]. Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2001, 127(5): 416-423.
[21] Yang J, Wei L M. Collapse of loose sand with the addition of fines: the role of particle shape[J]. Geotechnique, 2012, 62(12): 1111-1125.
[22] Been K, Jefferies M G. A state parameter for sands[J]. Geotechnique, 1985, 35(2): 99-112.
[23] 王涛, 刘斯宏, 宋迎俊, 等. 基于骨架孔隙比的土石混合料强度变形特性[J]. 岩土力学, 2020, 41(9): 2973-2983.(Wang Tao, Liu Sihong, Song Yingjun, et al. Strength and deformation characteristics of soil-rock mixture based on skeleton pore ratio[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2020, 41(9): 2973-2983. (in Chinese))
[24] 符新军, 赵仲辉. 饱和粉砂不稳定性的试验研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2008, 146(2): 381-385.(Fu Xinjun, Zhao Zhonghui. Experimental study on instability of saturated silt[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2008, 146(2): 381-385. (in Chinese))
[25] Yang Z X, Pan K. Flow deformation and cyclic resistance of saturated loose sand considering initial static shear effect[J]. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 2017, 92: 68-78.
Outlines

/