Fayuan Temple historic reservation is adjacent to Caishikou Street and Metro Line 4, the residents of which place are affected by environmental vibration for a long time. Based on the in-situ vibration measurements, regional vibration characteristics and reason analysis on abnormal vibration are further studied and analyzed, which are caused by ground and subway traffic. Results show that: (1) The region that is overrun the control criterion of 67 dB shows a double-peaks configuration and is mainly distributed between main street and 40 m west of Caishikou Street. (2) The masonry structure's poor foundations, the short distance between vibration sources and residence community and the superposition of ground and subway traffic are the main reasons of large exceeding-standard area. (3) Liuyang Guild Hall is a characteristic region called the local amplification region (LAR). LAR of Liuyang Guild Hall appears with a distance of about 1.5~3.0 burial depth from the epicenter, which is different from other peoples. The dominating vibration frequency at surface mass point caused by ground traffic differs from that caused by subway traffic, the superposition of those should cause the new vibration laws of the ground particles. Meanwhile the protruding topography can change the propagation path of vibration waves and amplify the velocity of refraction waves. (4) The measuring points of E4 is affected most, which is 116 m away from Fayuan Temple Back Street. That is because there is two trains passing at their tunnels at E4, which leads to the vibration from subway traffic is strengthened. Then the superposition of ground and subway traffic can directly cause that the area of E4 is the most influential place.