In order to effectively control the impact of deep foundation pit engineering on the adjacent Beijing-Guangzhou Railway in operation and meet the strict protection requirement of foundation pit construction for additional deformation of the railway roadbed of less than 10 mm. In addition to the foundation pit supporting system deformation control, in high water pressure area near the river, a bottom sealing curtain combined with pipe wells dewatering in the pit is used to minimize the impact of foundation pit pumping on the railway as much as possible. Taking the foundation pit engineering adjacent to the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway in high pressure head area near the river in Wuhan as an example, a TRD equal thickness cement-soil wall and deep mixing pile are used for bottom sealing curtains combined with medium and deep pipe wells to pump water as needed in the foundation pit. The numerical simulation computation is conducted by Midas GTS-NX and detailed monitoring is conducted on the foundation pit engineering and the Beijing-Guangzhou Railway adjacent to the foundation pit during the construction process. The monitoring results indicate that the maximum horizontal displacement of soil adjacent to the railway side of the foundation pit is 8.88 mm, the maximum horizontal displacement of the track is -2.3 mm, the maximum vertical displacement of the track is -2.5 mm, the maximum horizontal displacement of the shoulder is -2.4 mm, the maximum vertical displacement of the shoulder is -2.7 mm. The deformation and settlement of the roadbed and track of the railway are effectively controlled. The measured decline of water level outside the foundation pit is 0.8~1.0 m and the impact on the railway is controllable. The effectiveness of groundwater control measures taken in foundation pit engineering is checked.