基于影像源法的基坑开挖引起下卧隧道变形分析

魏纲; 周烨波; 王哲; 齐永洁; 徐天宝

doi:10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.04.33

地下空间与工程学报 >

2026 , Vol. 22 >Issue 4: 1451 - 1459

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.04.33

防灾与环境

基于影像源法的基坑开挖引起下卧隧道变形分析

魏纲 ,
周烨波 ,
王哲 ,
齐永洁 ,
徐天宝

展开

1.浙大城市学院土木工程系,杭州 310015;
2.城市基础设施智能化浙江省工程研究中心,杭州 310015;
3.浙江工业大学岩土工程研究所,杭州 310014;
4.浙江大学滨海和城市岩土工程研究中心,杭州 310058;
5.中铁十五局集团第五工程有限公司,天津 300131

魏纲(1977—),男,杭州人,博士,教授,主要从事地下隧道与周边环境相互影响及风险评估与控制。E-mail:weig@hzcu.edu.cn

王哲(1978—),男,山东济宁人,博士,教授,主要从事软土地下工程及能源地下结构研究。E-mail:wangzsd@ziut.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2025-09-07

网络出版日期: 2026-09-07

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(52578490);浙江省自然科学基金(LMS26E080035)

收起

Deformation Analysis of Underlying Tunnels Induced by Excavation Based on the Image Source Method

Wei Gang ,
Zhou Yebo ,
Wang Zhe ,
Qi Yongjie ,
Xu Tianbao

Expand

1. Department of Civil Engineering, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, P.R. China;
2. Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Urban Infrastructure, Hangzhou 310015, P.R. China;
3. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China;
4. Research Center of Coastal and Urban Geotechnical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China;
5. China Railway 15th Bureau Group 5th Corporation Limited, Tianjin 300131, P.R. China

Received date: 2025-09-07

Online published: 2026-09-07

Fold

摘要

基坑开挖会引起盾构管片产生变形,但目前关于考虑围压影响下盾构隧道精细化模型相关研究较少。基于隧道衬砌附加围压计算公式,结合实际案例建立三环盾构管片精细化模型,进行结构计算分析,将隧道变形计算值与实测值对比,验证了模型的可靠性。采用椭圆度及标准变形控制值作为隧道安全状况的评价指标,研究基坑开挖卸荷对隧道的影响规律。结果表明:在基坑开挖过程中,隧道管片的变形机制逐渐从下方土体卸载主导转变为基坑开挖卸载主导,水平位移随之显著增大;同一开挖进度下,隧道顶部竖向位移变化幅度大于隧道底部;管片之间的接缝处应力较大,混凝土最大应力发生在标准块连接处,螺栓最大应力发生在环与环之间的连接螺栓处;隧道距离基坑底部净距越大,隧道顶部位移越小而底部位移越大,水平位移逐渐增大;基坑开挖过程中隧道变形和椭圆度严格控制在控制范围内,基坑开挖完毕后若继续向下开挖,隧道变形量与椭圆度将逐渐超出控制值。

关键词： 基坑开挖; 盾构隧道; 围压; 横截面变形; 衬砌结构

本文引用格式

魏纲 , 周烨波 , 王哲 , 齐永洁 , 徐天宝 . 基于影像源法的基坑开挖引起下卧隧道变形分析[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2026 , 22(4) : 1451 -1459 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.04.33

Abstract

Pit excavation will cause deformation of the shield tube sheet, but there are fewer studies related to the refinement model of shield tunnel under the consideration of peripheral pressure. Based on the formula for calculating the additional peripheral pressure of tunnel lining, the article establishes a refined model of a three-ring shield tubular sheet in combination with practical cases, carries out structural calculation and analysis, and compares the calculated values of tunnel deformation with the measured values to verify the reliability of the model in this paper. Ellipticity and standard deformation control values are used as indicators to assess the tunnel's safety condition. The influence law of pit excavation and unloading on the tunnel is studied. The results show that: In the process of foundation pit excavation, tunnel segments gradually change from soil unloading control under the tunnel to unloading control caused by foundation pit excavation, and the horizontal displacement gradually increases. Under the same excavation schedule, the vertical displacement at the top of the tunnel changes more than that at the bottom; the stress at the joints between the tube pieces is larger, the maximum stress of concrete occurs in the connection place of the standard block, and the maximum stress of bolts occurs in the connection place of the bolts between the rings; the clear distance of the tunnel from the bottom of the foundation pit is larger than that between the tunnel pieces. The larger the clear distance of the tunnel from the bottom of the pit, the smaller the displacement at the top of the tunnel and the larger the displacement at the bottom, and the horizontal displacement gradually increases; the deformation and ellipticity of the tunnel are strictly controlled in the process of excavation of the pit, and the deformation and ellipticity of the tunnel will gradually exceed the control value if the excavation is continued after the pit is finished.

Key words： foundation pit excavation; shield tunnel; confining pressure; cross-sectional deformation; lining structure

参考文献

[1] Guan Y P, Zhao W, Xie X, et al. Breakage Probability Calculation of Shield Tunnel under the Effect of Foundation Pit Excavation[J]. Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering, 2013, 353: 1475-1479.
[2] 胡海英, 张玉成, 杨光华, 等. 基坑开挖对既有地铁隧道影响的实测及数值分析[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2014, 36(增2): 431-439.(Hu Haiying, Zhang Yucheng, Yang Guanghua, et al. Measurement and numerical analysis of effect of excavation of foundation pits on metro tunnels[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2014, 36(Supp.2): 431-439.(in Chinese))
[3] 姚爱军, 张剑涛, 郭海峰, 等. 地铁盾构隧道上方基坑开挖卸荷—加载影响研究[J]. 岩土力学, 2018, 39(7): 2318-2326, 2335.(Yao Aijun, Zhang Jiantao, Guo Haifeng, et al. Influence of unloading-loading of foundation on shield tunnel underneath[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2018, 39(7): 2318-2326, 2335.(in Chinese))
[4] 梁发云, 魏圣明, 陈可, 等. 基于UH模型的盾构隧道非线性地基反力确定方法[J]. 岩土工程学, 2025,47(2):284-295. (Liang Fayun, Wei Shengming, Chen Ke, et al. A method for determining nonlinear foundation reaction coefficient of shield tunnels based on the UH model[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical, 2025,47(2):284-295.(in Chinese))
[5] Liang K, Feng K, Zhang L, et al. Failure mechanism of underwater shield tunnel: An experimental and theoretical study[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 2023, 137: 1-25.
[6] Tian L G,Cheng Z L,Hu Z Q. Numerical Investigation on Crack Propagation and Fatigue Life Estimation of Shield Lining under Train Vibration Load[J]. Shock and Vibration, 2021, 2021: 1-10.
[7] 张勇. 地面堆载对既有盾构隧道的影响研究[D]. 徐州:中国矿业大学, 2020.(Zhang Yong. Research on influence of surface surcharge on existing shield tunnel[D]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology, 2020.(in Chinese))
[8] 周经伟, 黄戡, 刘峥嵘, 等. 盾构上跨复合岩土层既有隧道管片力学分析[J]. 交通科学与工程, 2023, 39(1): 83-90, 99. (Zhou Jingwei, Huang Kan, Liu Zhengrong, et al. Analysis of segment mechanics characteristics of shield tunnel over-spanning existing tunnel in composite rock-soil layer[J]. Journal of Transport Science and Engineering, 2023, 39(1): 83-90, 99.(in Chinese))
[9] 钟紫蓝, 李锦强, 张卜, 等. 不均匀作用下连续单舱综合管廊横截面内力分析[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2023, 44(增1):293-303.(Zhong Zilan, Li Jinqiang, Zhang Bu, et al. Analysis of cross-sectional forces of continuous single-cabin utility tunnel under uneven settlement[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 44(Supp.1): 293-303.(in Chinese))
[10] 王一兆, 陈俊生, 闵星, 等. 基于精细化数值模拟的地铁盾构隧道椭圆度安全研究[J]. 铁道标准设计, 2024,68(9):140-148,157. (Wang Yizhao, Chen Junsheng, Min Xing, et al. Research on ellipticity safety of metro shield tunnel based on refined numerical simulation[J/OL]. Railway Standard Design, 2024,68(9):140-148,157. (in Chinese))
[11] Liu T J, Chen S W, Lin P Q, et al. Failure mechanism and strengthening effect of shield tunnel lining reinforced by steel plates with corbels[J]. European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2020, 26(4): 1603-1621.
[12] 刘亚宇, 刘加湾, 魏纲, 等. 旁侧基坑开挖偏心卸载下盾构隧道横断面受力变形研究[J]. 隧道建设(中英文), 2020, 40(9): 1333-1340.(Liu Yayu, Liu Jiawan, Wei Gang, et al. Study on mechanical deformation of shield tunnel cross-section under eccentric unloading of side foundation pit excavation[J]. Tunnel Construction, 2020, 40(9): 1333-1340.(in Chinese))
[13] Fan S Y,Song Z P,Xu T,et al. Tunnel deformation and stress response under the bilateral foundation pit construction: a case study[J]. Archives of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, 2021, 21(3): 1-19.
[14] Ding J S,Xian Y Q,Liu T J. Numerical modeling of affection of foundation pit excavation on metro tunnel[J]. Advances in Civil Engineering and Architecture Innovation, 2012, 368: 2562-2566.
[15] Li Z Y,Huang H W,Zhou M L,et al. Failure responses of rock tunnel faces during excavation through the fault-fracture zone[J]. Underground Space, 2023, 10: 166-181.
[16] 张鑫海, 魏纲, 林心蓓. 考虑纵向变形影响的基坑下方盾构隧道横向受力变化研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2020, 39(11): 2351-2364.(Zhang Xinhai, Wei Gang, Lin Xinbei. Research on transverse force and deformation of shield tunnels below foundation pits considering influence of longitudinal deformation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2020, 39(11): 2351-2364.(in Chinese))
[17] 项鹏飞, 齐永洁, 姜海波, 等. 地面堆载下考虑盾构施工开挖效应的隧道内力研究[J]. 岩土工程学报, 2026, 48(1): 126-136. (Xiang Pengfei, Qi Yongjie, Jiang Haibo, et al. Study on tunnel internal forces considering the excavation effect of shield tunneling during ground loading[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2026, 48(1): 126-136. (in Chinese))
[18] 魏纲, 郭丙来, 王哲, 等. 考虑开挖宽度的基坑卸荷引起下卧盾构隧道变形计算[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(4): 1019-1030.(Wei Gang, Guo Binglai, Wang Zhe, et al. Deformation calculation of underlying shield tunnel caused by unloading of foundation pit considering excavation width[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, 2023, 42(4): 1019-1030.(in Chinese))
[19] 刘国彬, 侯学渊. 软土基坑隆起变形的残余应力分析法[J]. 地下工程与隧道, 1996(2): 2-7.(Liu Guobin, Hou Xueyuan. Residual stress analysis method for soft soil footing bulge deformation[J]. Tunnel and Rail Transit, 1996(2): 2-7.(in Chinese))
[20] 中华人民共和国住房和城乡建设部. 盾构隧道工程设计标准(GB_T51438-2021)[S]. 北京:中国建筑出版传媒有限公司,2021.(Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China. Design Standard for Shield Tunnel Engineering (GB/T 51438-2021)[S]. Beijing: China Architecture & Building Press Co., Ltd., 2021.(in Chinese))
[21] 中华人民共和国交通运输部. 公路水下隧道设计规范(JTGT3371-2022)[S]. 北京: 人民交通出版社股份有限公司,2022.(Ministry of Transport of the People's Republic of China. Design Code for Highway Subaqueous Tunnels (JTGT3371-2022)[S]. Beijing: People's Communications Press Co., Ltd., 2022.(in Chinese))
[22] 中国铁道股份有限公司. 盾构法水下交通隧道技术规程(Q/CRCC 33304-2020)[S]. 北京: 人民交通出版社股份有限公司, 2020.( China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation. Technical Code for Shield Method Underwater Transportation Tunnel (Q/CRCC 33304-2020)[S]. Beijing: People's Communications Press Co., Ltd., 2020.(in Chinese))
[23] 上海市住房和城乡建设管理委员会. 道路隧道设计标准(DG/TJ 08-2033-2017)[S]. 上海: 同济大学出版社,2017.(Shanghai Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development. Road Tunnel Design Standard (DG/TJ 08-2033-2017)[S]. Shanghai: Tongji University Press, 2017.(in Chinese))
[24] 石波, 王慧超, 杨晓磊, 等. 基于线阵相机/扫描仪的轨交隧道病害检测系统设计实现[J]. 电子测量与仪器学报, 2024,38(6):181-194. (Shi Bo, Wang Huichao, Yang Xiaolei, et al. Design and implementation of rail crossing tunnel disease detection system combined with linear array camera/scanner[J]. Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation, 2024,38(6):181-194.(in Chinese))
[25] 张鑫海. 基坑开挖对盾构隧道结构受力及变形影响研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2020.(Zhang Xinhai. Study for the influence of foundation pit excavation on the force and deformation of shield tunnel structure[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2020.(in Chinese))

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献