普通喷射混凝土存在易开裂、抗渗性差等问题,异型塑钢纤维掺入衬砌喷射混凝土中,可提升混凝土抗拉裂和耐久性能。而喷射工艺参数是影响异型塑钢纤维混凝土喷射效果的重要因素,相关研究大多聚焦于喷射工艺对回弹率的影响,本文就喷射工艺对力学性能的影响展开探讨。通过研究喷射角度90°时,不同喷射风压和喷射距离下纤维混凝土1 d、3 d、28 d抗压强度及28 d抗拉、抗折和粘结强度试验研究,并基于熵权法和灰色关联度分析各力学性能指标敏感性,确定最佳喷射工艺。结果表明:0.5 MPa的喷射风压和1.5 m的喷射距离使纤维混凝土成型更密实,混凝土抗压和粘结强度更高;适当提高喷射风压至0.6 MPa可使纤维平行于受喷面比例增加,混凝土抗拉和抗折强度表现更好;各力学性能指标随工艺参数的变化幅度不同,其指标权重有所差异,其中28 d抗拉强度和28 d抗折强度指标权重较大,分别占20.4%和22.0%,随工艺参数的变化波动较大;通过灰色关联度分析,发现喷射风压0.5 MPa、喷射距离1.5 m相对关联度最大,综合性能最优,可为纤维喷射混凝土在隧道工程中的应用提供参考。
Conventional shotcrete is prone to cracking and exhibits poor impermeability. The incorporation of coarse polypropylene fibers into lining shotcrete can enhance its crack resistance and durability. The shotcreting process parameters are critical factors influencing the performance of coarse polypropylene fiber-reinforced concrete. While existing research has primarily focused on the impact of process parameters on rebound rate, this study investigates their effects on mechanical properties. Experiments were conducted with a fixed spraying angle of 90°, examining the 1 d, 3 d, and 28 d compressive strength, as well as the 28 d tensile, flexural, and bond strength under varying spraying air pressures and distances. The sensitivity of each mechanical property indicator was analyzed using the entropy weight method and grey relational analysis to determine the optimal shotcreting process. The results indicate that a spraying air pressure of 0.5 MPa and a distance of 1.5 m produce denser concrete with higher compressive and bond strengths. Increasing the air pressure to 0.6 MPa increases the proportion of fibers aligned parallel to the spraying surface, resulting in improved tensile and flexural strength. Different mechanical properties exhibit varying degrees of sensitivity to process parameter changes. The 28d tensile strength and 28d flexural strength showed the highest indicator weights, accounting for 20.4% and 22.0% respectively, and were the most sensitive to parameter variation. Grey relational analysis identified the combination of 0.5 MPa air pressure and 1.5 m distance as having the highest relative relational degree, representing the optimal comprehensive performance. These findings provide a valuable reference for the application of fiber-reinforced shotcrete in tunnel engineering.
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