串珠状溶洞位置对隧道围岩稳定的影响研究

李小勇; 袁峰; 厉志; 赵东阳; 温元平

doi:10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.03.25

地下空间与工程学报 >

2026 , Vol. 22 >Issue 3: 995 - 1002

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.03.25

设计、施工、监测

串珠状溶洞位置对隧道围岩稳定的影响研究

李小勇 ,
袁峰 ,
厉志 ,
赵东阳 ,
温元平

展开

1.中电建铁路建设投资集团有限公司,北京 100000;
2.中电建铁路建设投资集团重庆有限公司,重庆 401100;
3.重庆城市交通开发投资(集团)有限公司,重庆 400015

李小勇(1990—),男,山西忻州人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事轨道交通工程方面的工作及研究。E-mail:910627464@qq.com

收稿日期: 2025-06-04

网络出版日期: 2026-06-23

基金资助

重庆市建设科技计划(城科字2024第5-3号);中国电力建设股份有限公司科技项目(DJ-ZDXM-2023-05);中国电建重庆轨道交通27号线土建工程科研项目(ZGDJ-CQGD27-GC-2024-003)

收起

Effect of Beaded Karst Caves Location on Stability of Tunnel Surrounding Rock

Li Xiaoyong ,
Yuan Feng ,
Li Zhi ,
Zhao Dongyang ,
Wen Yuanping

Expand

1. PowerChina Railway Construction Investment Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100000, P. R. China;
2. PowerChina Railway Construction Investment Group Chongqing Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401100, P. R. China;
3. Chongqing City Transportation Development & Investment Group Co., Ltd., Chongqing 400015, P. R. China

Received date: 2025-06-04

Online published: 2026-06-23

Fold

摘要

岩溶隧道中因存在串珠状溶洞群这种特殊的空间结构,从而导致围岩应力应变场变得极为复杂,且在穿越施工过程中对围岩稳定性的影响未明晰。以重庆轨道交通27号线中梁山隧道为工程背景,基于已有的能量场可视化分析系统构建三维数值模型,探究了不同溶洞位置对隧道围岩稳定性的影响规律。结果表明:隧道右侧溶洞对围岩稳定性影响最为显著,其拱脚竖向位移突变幅度达50%,塑性区与溶洞区贯通;当溶洞位于正上、下方且间距为5 m时,塑性区未贯通;围岩能量演化显示支护结构周边弹性应变能呈负值释放,右侧溶洞导致耗散能密度贯通带形成;基于塑性区贯通判据提出串珠状溶洞安全防突厚度应大于5 m。

关键词： 串珠状溶洞; 围岩稳定; 溶洞位置; 围岩能量; 防突厚度

本文引用格式

李小勇 , 袁峰 , 厉志 , 赵东阳 , 温元平 . 串珠状溶洞位置对隧道围岩稳定的影响研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2026 , 22(3) : 995 -1002 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.03.25

Abstract

The special spatial structure of karst tunnels is due to the existence of beaded caves, which leads to the complexity of the stress-strain field of the surrounding rock, and the influence on the surrounding rock in the process of traversing the construction is unclear. Taking the Zhongliangshan Tunnel of Chongqing Rail Transit Line 27 is taken as the background of the project, and a three-dimensional numerical model is constructed based on the existing energy field visualization and analysis system to investigate the influence of the different locations of the caves on the stability of the tunnel surrounding rock. The results show that: The right side of the tunnel cavern has the most significant influence on the stability of the surrounding rock, and the vertical displacement of its arch foot is up to 50%, and the plastic zone is connected with the cavern area; when the cavern is located in the upper and lower part of the tunnel and the spacing is 5 m, the plastic zone is not connected; The energy evolution of the surrounding rock shows that the elastic strain energy around the support structure is released in a negative value, and the right cavern results in the formation of the dissipative energy density through the band; Based on the plastic zone through the criterion of the bead-like cavern safety protection thickness, it is proposed to be a safe and safe protection against the breakout. Based on the plastic zone penetration criterion, it is proposed that the thickness of the safety anti-protrusion of bead-like cavern should be more than 5 m.

Key words： beaded karst caves; surrounding rock stability; cave location; surrounding rock energy; anti-protrusion thickness

参考文献

[1] 李坤, 段志, 郭德平, 等. 不同方位隐伏溶洞对隧道衬砌结构受力特性的影响研究[J]. 现代隧道技术, 2023, 60(增1): 74-85. (Li Kun, Duan Zhi, Guo Deping, et al. Study on influence of different azimuth angles of concealed karst cave on the stress characteristics of tunnel lining structure[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2023, 60(Supp.1): 74-85. (in Chinese))
[2] 赵海峰, 卞德宝, 张建, 等. 岩溶地区不同溶洞位置对隧道的安全性影响特征分析[J]. 西安科技大学学报, 2024, 44(6): 1107-1117. (Zhao Haifeng, Bian Debao, Zhang Jian, et al. Analysis of the impact characteristics of different cave positions on the safety of tunnels in karst regions[J]. Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology, 2024, 44(6): 1107-1117. (in Chinese))
[3] Dong B, Yang T, Ju B, et al. Analysis of the influence of karst cave parameters on surface settlement in TBM tunnelling[J]. Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences, 2024, 72(4): 150110.
[4] 张京亮, 夏志杰, 刘新荣, 等. 隐伏溶洞影响下隧道开挖稳定性数值模拟分析[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2022, 22(13): 5455-5462. (Zhang Jingliang, Xia Zhijie, Liu Xinrong, et al. Numerical analysis on influence of concealed karst cave on tunnel excavation stability[J].Science Technology and Engineering, 2022, 22(13): 5455-5462. (in Chinese))
[5] 陈禹成, 王朝阳, 郭明, 等. 隐伏溶洞对隧道围岩稳定性影响规律及处治技术[J]. 山东大学学报(工学版), 2020, 50(5): 33-43. (Chen Yucheng, Wang Zhaoyang, Guo Ming, et al. Influence of concealed karst cave on surrounding rock stability and its treatment technology[J]. Journal of Shandong University (Engineering Science), 2020, 50(5): 33-43. (in Chinese))
[6] 金美海, 刘新荣, 钟祖良. 岩溶隧道拱顶局部水压作用下衬砌受力特征研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2021, 17(4): 1099-1105, 1131. (Jin Meihai, Liu Xinrong, Zhong Zuliang. Study on the mechanical characteristics of the lining structure of the karst tunnel under the action of local high water pressure on the vault[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2021, 17(4): 1099-1105, 1131. (in Chinese))
[7] An P, Li M, Zhang W, et al. Influence mechanism and calculation of the minimum safe thickness of waterproof rock mass in karst tunnels[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2025, 22(2): 695-709.
[8] 张高虎, 叶四桥, 曾彬, 等. 断层带隐伏溶洞群对隧道衬砌受力特征的影响及施工方法研究[J]. 现代隧道技术, 2023, 60(增1): 65-73. (Zhang Gaohu, Ye Siqiao, Zeng Bin, et al. Influence of concealed cave group in fault zone on stress characteristics of tunnel lining and comparison of construction methods[J]. Modern Tunnelling Technology, 2023, 60(Supp.1): 65-73. (in Chinese))
[9] 谢琪, 段智博, 马少坤, 等. 岩溶区盾构隧道开挖的稳定性分析[J]. 湖南大学学报(自然科学版), 2018, 45(增1): 156-160. (Xie Qi, Duan Zhibo, Ma Shaokun, et al. Influence of concealed cave group in fault zone on stress characteristics of tunnel lining and comparison of construction methods[J]. Journal of Hunan University (Natural Sciences), 2018, 45(Supp.1): 156-160. (in Chinese))
[10] 李明达, 张昱, 周晶. 岩溶位置及组合效应对隧道的地震响应分析[J]. 防灾减灾工程学报, 2022, 42(3): 472-479. (Li Mingda, Zhang Yu, Zhou Jing, et al. Seismic response analysis of tunnel under karst cave locations and combinatorial effect[J]. Journal of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Engineering, 2022, 42(3): 472-479. (in Chinese))
[11] 吴红军. 多溶洞超大断面隧道围岩应力解析[J]. 广西大学学报(自然科学版), 2020, 45(2): 398-407. (Wu Hongjun. Analytical solution of surrounding rock stress of super-large cross-section tunnel with multi-cave[J]. Journal of Guangxi University (Natural Science Edition), 2020, 45(2): 398-407. (in Chinese))
[12] Liang S, Li C, Guo J, et al. Evolution characteristics of multi-physical fields in dissolved surrounding rockmass of tunnel considering fluid-solid coupling[J]. Journal of Engineering Science and Technology Review, 2024, 17(2): 52-57.
[13] 董辉, 杨晓晖, 衣智明, 等. 岩溶区水环境作用在役隧道衬砌结构的变形特征分析[J]. 安全与环境学报, 2019, 19(5): 1595-1604. (Dong Hui, Yang Xiaohui, Yi Zhiming, et al. Analysis for the deformation threat of the lining structure of the in-service tunnels in water environment of karst areas[J]. Journal of Safety and Environment, 2019, 19(5): 1595-1604. (in Chinese))
[14] 张光武, 付俊杰, 黄明. 串珠状溶洞的形态和演化机理及工程处理方法分析[J]. 路基工程, 2016(1): 159-162, 167. (Zhang Guangwu, Fu Junjie, Huang Ming. Analysis of form, evolution mechanism and engineering treatment method of multilayer karst cave[J]. Subgrade Engineering, 2016(1): 159-162,167. (in Chinese))
[15] 曾祥锦. 隧道顶部隐伏串珠状岩溶处理及围岩稳定性分析[J]. 土工基础, 2024, 38(5): 800-804. (Zeng Xiangjin. Continuous karst cavity treatment and surrounding rock stability analysis of Bangshan tunnel in Xiamen-Chengdu expressway[J]. Soil Engineering and Foundation, 2024, 38(5): 800-804. (in Chinese))
[16] 邵勇, 阎长虹, 许宝田, 等. 小型溶洞对隧道稳定性的影响分析[J]. 地质论评, 2012, 58(3): 519-525. (Shao Yong, Yan Changhong, Xu Baotian, et al. Analysis on the influence of small caves on stability of underground tunnel[J]. Geological Review, 2012, 58(3): 519-525. (in Chinese))
[17] 钟祖良, 罗玮坤, 刘新荣, 等. 基于核磁共振技术的酸性环境下灰岩力学特性劣化试验[J]. 煤炭学报, 2017, 42(7): 1740-1747. (Zhong Zuliang,Luo Weikun,Liu Xinrong,et al.Experimental study on mechanical properties deterioration of limestone in acid environment based on nuclear magnetic resonance[J].Journal of China Coal Society, 2017, 42(7): 1740-1747. (in Chinese))
[18] 中华人民共和国交通运输部. 公路隧道设计规范(JTG 3370.1-2018)[S]. 北京: 人民交通出版社, 2019. (Ministry of Communications of the People's Republic of China. Specifications for design of highway tunnels (JTG 3370.1-2018)[S]. Beijing: China Communications Press, 2019. (in Chinese)
[19] 姚毅, 常富贵, 温元平, 等. 基于能量可视化的岩溶隧道破坏机理研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2024, 20(增2): 841-847. (Yao Yi, Chang Fugui, Wen Yuanping, et al. Study on the damage mechanism of karst tunnel based on energy visualization[J]. Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineering, 2024, 20(Supp.2): 841-847. (in Chinese))

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献