新型吸能锚杆锥头-套筒耗能特性研究

李蕊雪; 缪易辰; 卢家乐; 苏何先; 潘文

doi:10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.03.23

地下空间与工程学报 >

2026 , Vol. 22 >Issue 3: 973 - 986

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.03.23

设计、施工、监测

新型吸能锚杆锥头-套筒耗能特性研究

李蕊雪 ,
缪易辰 ,
卢家乐 ,
苏何先 ,
潘文

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1.昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,昆明 650500;
2.云南省抗震工程技术研究中心,昆明 650500

李蕊雪(1998—),女,云南曲靖人,硕士生,主要从事岩土与地下工程方向的研究。E-mail:3356420863@qq.com

缪易辰(1992—),男,云南昆明人,博士,讲师,主要从事岩土工程、地下工程等领域的教学与科研工作。E-mail:miao_yichen@kust.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2025-10-15

网络出版日期: 2026-06-23

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(52368019);云南省基础研究计划项目(202401AT070970);云南省基础研究计划项目(202301AT070386)

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Study of Energy Consumption Characteristics of New Anchor Cone Head-Sleeve

Li Ruixue ,
Miao Yichen ,
Lu Jiale ,
Su Hexian ,
Pan Wen

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1. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, P. R. China;
2. Yunnan Seismic Engineering Technology Research Center, Kunming 650500, P. R. China

Received date: 2025-10-15

Online published: 2026-06-23

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摘要

吸能锚杆支护是控制高地应力围岩大变形的关键技术,但常规锚杆耗能构件的几何参数与耗能性能关系尚不明晰,制约其几何参数优化设计。笔者设计了锥头-套筒阻尼结构作为吸能锚杆的核心耗能构件,其锥角(α)与套筒壁厚(t)参数的优化是提升锚杆支护性能的关键。通过开展室内试验与数值模拟研究,揭示了阻尼结构在滑移过程中的阻力特性、能量耗散规律,并建立了参数优化设计方法。结果表明:采用常规材料制作阻尼结构时应遵循SCATW(Small Cone Angle and Thick Wall)设计原则;锥角范围在0.5°~5°,套筒壁厚范围在4~7 mm时,阻尼结构的稳定阻力较大且耗能性能较好;提出了面向工程应用的几何参数优化以提升耗能的方法,即以2°锥角作为中性点,当锥角α分别在0.5°~2°与2°~5°的范围内时,应分别采用增大锥角与增加壁厚的方法来提高阻尼结构耗能。

关键词： 吸能锚杆; 锥头-套筒阻尼结构; 几何参数优化; 耗能性能; 数值模拟

本文引用格式

李蕊雪 , 缪易辰 , 卢家乐 , 苏何先 , 潘文 . 新型吸能锚杆锥头-套筒耗能特性研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2026 , 22(3) : 973 -986 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.03.23

Abstract

Energy-absorbing anchor support is a key technology for controlling large deformations in high-stress surrounding rock. However, the relationship between the geometric parameters of conventional anchor energy-consuming components and their energy-consuming performance is unclear, which limits the optimization of these parameters. This paper designs a cone-head-sleeve damping structure as the core energy-consuming component of energy-absorbing anchors. Optimizing its cone angle (α) and sleeve wall thickness (t) parameters improves anchor support performance. Through indoor experiments and numerical simulations, we reveal the resistance characteristics and energy dissipation law of the damping structure during the slip process and establish a design method for optimizing the parameters. The results show that the SCATW (small cone angle and thick wall) design principle should be followed when using conventional materials to fabricate the damping structure. When the cone angle is between 0.5° and 5° and the sleeve wall thickness is between 4 and 7 mm, the damping structure has greater stabilizing resistance and better energy dissipation performance. A method of optimizing the geometric parameters to enhance energy dissipation is provided for engineering applications. with a 2° cone angle as the neutral point. In other words, when the cone angle α is between 0.5° and 2° or between 2° and 5°, respectively, increasing the cone angle and wall thickness improves the energy dissipation of the damping structure.

Key words： energy-absorbing anchors; cone head-sleeve damping structure; optimization of geometric parameters; energy dissipation performance; numerical simulation

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