针对应力集中带、破碎构造带等不良地质下隧道初期支护体系承载性能不足的问题,提出一种在型钢与混凝土界面布设栓钉剪力件的组合支护结构,针对隧道支护结构的受力特点开展大偏心受压试验来探究组合支护结构的破坏模式和承载特性,并通过数值模拟分析不同偏心距条件下组合结构承载性能。结果表明:当无栓钉剪力件时,工字型钢与喷射混凝土发生分离破坏,当布设栓钉剪力件时,型钢混凝土结构破坏模式表现为混凝土开裂和压溃,栓钉剪力件有效地限制了型钢与混凝土接触界面间的相对滑移;相较于自然粘结工况,布设双排形栓钉剪力件试件的极限承载力增长了14.79%,侧向挠度减小了22.94%,试件表现出较好的韧性、承载能力和抗弯刚度;在相同偏心距下,布设栓钉剪力件能有效提高结构的极限承载力,并且随着偏心距的增大,栓钉剪力件对试件的大偏压承载性能的提升效果逐渐增强。研究成果可为隧道初期支护技术提供理论支持。
Aiming at the problem of insufficient bearing capacity of tunnel primary support system under unfavorable geology, such as stress concentration zone and broken structural zone, a composite support structure with stud shear connectors arranged at the interface between steel and concrete is proposed. According to the stress characteristics of tunnel support structure, a large eccentric compression test is carried out to explore the failure mode and bearing characteristics of composite support structure, and the bearing capacity of composite structure under different eccentricity conditions is analyzed by numerical simulation. The results show that when there is no stud shear specimen, the separation failure occurs between I-shaped steel and shotcrete. When the stud shear is arranged, the failure mode of steel reinforced concrete structure is concrete cracking and crushing, and the stud shear effectively limits the relative slip between the contact interface of steel and concrete. Compared with the natural bonding condition, the ultimate bearing capacity of the specimens with double-row stud shear connectors increased by 14.79%, and the lateral deflection decreased by 22.94%. The specimens showed better toughness, bearing capacity and bending stiffness. Under the same eccentricity, the arrangement of stud shear connectors can effectively improve the ultimate bearing capacity of the structure, and with the increase of eccentricity, the effect of stud shear connectors on the bearing capacity of the specimen under large eccentric compression is gradually enhanced. The research results can provide theoretical support for the initial support technology of tunnel.
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