激光辅助破岩具有绿色、高效等优点,是有望实现油气资源在深层、超深层及难钻地层中高效开采的技术。搭建了激光辅助PDC(Polycrystaline Diamond Compact)试验钻头破岩试验装置,开展激光辅助PDC试验钻头破岩和PDC试验钻头破岩试验对比研究,结果表明:在钻头钻压为10 kN,钻速为60 r/min的条件下激光辅助作用下钻进速度提高61%。运用有限元法,基于岩石HJC(Holmquist-Johnson-Cook)本构模型建立激光辅助PDC试验钻头破岩仿真模型,开展仿真研究,结果表明:激光辐照岩石表面产生高温和预损伤,使岩石强度降低,从而有利于PDC钻头对岩石进行破碎;在激光辅助作用下,钻进过程中钻头扭矩降低12.6%,进尺深度增加16.22 mm,钻进速度提升85.92%。研究成果可为后续激光辅助机械破岩技术的发展与应用提供指导。
Laser-assisted rock-breaking has the advantages of green and high efficiency, and is a technology that is expected to realize high-efficiency exploitation of oil and gas resources in deep, ultra-deep and hard-to-drill formations. A laser-assisted PDC (Polycrystaline Diamond Compact) test bit rock-breaking test device was successfully set up, and a comparative study between laser-assisted PDC test bit rock-breaking and PDC test bit rock-breaking test was carried out. The results show that: Under the conditions of a drill bit weight on bit of 10 kN and a rotation of 60 r/min, the rate of penetration was increased by 61% under the effect of the laser-assisted drilling. Using the finite element method, based on the rock HJC (Holmquist-Johnson-Cook) constitutive model to establish a simulation model of laser-assisted PDC test bit rock-breaking, and carry out the simulation study, the results show that laser irradiate of the rock surface can produces high temperature and pre-damage, so that the strength of the rock is weakened, which is conducive to the PDC drill bit to crush the rock; the with the laser-assisted action, in the drilling process the torque of the drill bit is reduced by 12.6%, the drilling displacement is increased by 16.22 mm, and the rate of penetration is increased by 85.92%. The research results can provide some guidance for the development and application of laser-assisted mechanical rock-breaking technology.
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