真三轴条件下双裂隙红砂岩岩爆破坏特征试验研究

毕科; 李克钢; 李明亮

doi:10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.01.13

地下空间与工程学报 >

2026 , Vol. 22 >Issue 1: 121 - 130

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.01.13

理论与试验研究

真三轴条件下双裂隙红砂岩岩爆破坏特征试验研究

毕科 ,
李克钢 ,
李明亮

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1.昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,昆明 650093;
2.云南省中—德蓝色矿山与特殊地下空间利用重点实验室,昆明 650093

毕科(1994—),男,湖南衡阳人,硕士生,主要从事岩土工程、地下工程等领域的教学与科研工作。E-mail:1428400124@qq.com

李克钢(1978—),男,山西晋中人,博士,教授,主要从事岩土工程、地下工程等领域的研究工作。 E-mail:106146135@qq.com

收稿日期: 2025-04-06

网络出版日期: 2026-03-03

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(52364005);云南省重大科技项目(202202AG050014)

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Experimental Investigation of Rock Burst Failure Characteristics in Red Sandstone with Dual Fractures under True Triaxial Conditions

Bi Ke ,
Li Kegang ,
Li Mingliang

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1. School of Land and Resources Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, P.R. China;
2. Yunnan Province Sino-German Joint Laboratory for Blue Mine and Special Underground Space Utilization, Kunming 650093, P.R. China

Received date: 2025-04-06

Online published: 2026-03-03

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摘要

岩爆已经成为地下工程建设中不可忽视的地质灾害。通过开展含不同预制裂隙红砂岩的真三轴五面加载一面临空岩爆试验,并借助高速摄像系统和声发射系统,对比分析不同裂隙试样的应力—应变力学特征、岩爆的发育过程特征、母岩形态破坏特征、声发射演化特征。结果表明:(1)不同倾角裂隙岩石的弹性模量、峰值应力和峰值应变均随着裂隙倾角的增加呈现出先减少后增加再减弱的变化趋势,而损伤系数则呈现出相反的变化规律;(2)不同裂隙试样其弹射动态过程大都经历了岩石小颗粒弹射阶段、岩石断裂阶段、岩石整体破坏阶段共3个阶段;(3)不同母岩的破坏模式为临空面和靠近临空面周围的破坏特征主要为张拉作用导致的劈裂破坏,远离临空面的破坏特征主要为剪切作用导致的剪切破坏。且裂隙之间的相互作用随着裂隙倾角的增加而增加;(4)在外界应力的持续加载过程中,绝对能量和声发射撞击数会出现一个极值跳跃期,其对应的是岩石的岩爆破坏阶段。研究成果可为采空区中可见复杂裂隙网络岩体岩爆灾害的发生规律提供理论依据。

关键词： 岩爆; 红砂岩; 双裂隙; 真三轴; 声发射

本文引用格式

毕科 , 李克钢 , 李明亮 . 真三轴条件下双裂隙红砂岩岩爆破坏特征试验研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2026 , 22(1) : 121 -130 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.01.13

Abstract

Rock bursts have become a significant geohazard in the construction of underground engineering that cannot be ignored. This study conducts true triaxial five-sided loading tests on red sandstone containing different pre-existing fractures, with one side free, and utilizes a high-speed camera system and acoustic emission (AE) monitoring system to compare and analyze the mechanical characteristics of stress-strain, the development process of rock bursts, the morphological damage characteristics of the parent rock, and the evolution characteristics of AE for samples with different fractures. The results indicate that: (1) The elastic modulus, peak stress, and peak strain of rock with different fracture dip angles exhibit a trend of initially decreasing, then increasing, and finally weakening as the fracture dip angle increases. Conversely, the damage coefficient shows an opposite variation pattern; (2) The dynamic process of ejection for different fractured samples mostly goes through three stages: the rock particle ejection stage, the rock fracture stage, and the overall rock failure stage; (3) The failure mode of different parent rocks is characterized by tensile failure due to tensile action near the free surface and its surrounding area, while the failure feature away from the free surface is mainly shear failure due to shear action. Moreover, the interaction between fractures increases with the increase of fracture dip angle; (4) During the continuous loading of external stress, there will be a period of extreme value jump in absolute energy and the number of AE hits, which corresponds to the rock burst damage stage of the rock. This research provides a theoretical basis for the occurrence law of rock burst disasters in goaf areas with complex fracture network systems and is of great significance to engineering construction.

Key words： rock burst; red sandstone; double fractures; true triaxial; acoustic emission

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