理论与试验研究

单轴压缩下锚固体力学特性及破坏模式研究

  • 张寅 ,
  • 杨晨晨 ,
  • 李家俊 ,
  • 周雨 ,
  • 刘家麒
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  • 辽宁工程技术大学 力学与工程学院,辽宁 阜新 123000
张寅(1974—),男,陕西安康人,博士,教授,主要从事岩石力学、采矿、煤矿动力灾害治理的研究。E-mail:zhangyin740314@163.com
杨晨晨(1997—),男,河南商丘人,硕士生,主要从事灾害力学、煤矿动力灾害治理的研究。 E-mail:yangchenchen199709@163.com

收稿日期: 2025-04-22

  网络出版日期: 2026-03-03

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(52174116)

Study on Mechanical Properties and Damage Mode of Anchor Body under Uniaxial Compression

  • Zhang Yin ,
  • Yang Chenchen ,
  • Li Jiajun ,
  • Zhou Yu ,
  • Liu Jiaqi
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  • College of Mechanics and Engineering, Liaoning Technical University, Fuxin, Liaoning 123000, P.R. China

Received date: 2025-04-22

  Online published: 2026-03-03

摘要

优化巷道锚固支护系统参数是提升深部巷道锚固围岩体抗变形减灾能力的重要方法。为探究锚固支护锚杆预紧力这一参数对锚固体力学特性及破坏模式的影响规律,采用单轴压缩试验与力学特性监测分析系统研究不同锚杆预紧力作用下含锚试件的变形破裂响应,得到不同锚杆预紧力下含锚试件的静态应力—应变曲线、声发射计数参数、宏观裂纹及破坏模式的演化规律。结果表明:单轴压缩荷载作用下,随着锚杆预紧力的增加,锚固体抗压强度及弹性模量呈上升的趋势,预紧力与抗压强度呈一次正相关函数关系;声发射信号基本呈现“稳步上升-相对稳定-快速上升”的演化趋势,锚杆预紧力越大,振铃计数与累积计数越小;高锚杆预紧力有利于延迟锚固体裂纹起裂、扩展和贯通的过程,使得锚固体的最终破坏模式由拉剪复合破坏向剪切破坏过渡。研究成果对提升深部巷道围岩锚固体抗高地应力性能具有指导意义。

本文引用格式

张寅 , 杨晨晨 , 李家俊 , 周雨 , 刘家麒 . 单轴压缩下锚固体力学特性及破坏模式研究[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2026 , 22(1) : 113 -120 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2026.01.12

Abstract

Optimizing the parameters of the roadway anchorage support system is an important method to enhance the deformation resistance and disaster mitigation capacity of the anchored enclosing rock body in deep roadways. In order to investigate the influence of the parameter of anchor preload on the mechanical properties and damage mode of anchor solid, uniaxial compression test and mechanical property monitoring and analysis system were used to study the deformation and damage response of anchor solid under different anchor preload, and to obtain the static stress-strain curve, acoustic emission counting parameter, macroscopic cracks and the evolution of the damage mode of the anchor solid under different preloads. The results show that: Under the action of uniaxial compression load, with the increase of anchor preload, the compressive strength and elastic modulus of the anchor solid showed an increasing trend, and the preload and compressive strength showed a positive correlation function relationship at one time; The acoustic emission signal basically shows the evolution trend of “steadily rising-relatively stable-rapidly rising”, and the larger the anchor preload is, the smaller the ringing counts and cumulative counts are; High anchor preload is conducive to delaying the process of crack initiation, extension and penetration of the anchor solid, which makes the final damage mode of the anchor solid transition from tensile-shear composite damage to shear damage. The research results are of guiding significance for improving the performance of deep tunnel perimeter rock anchors against high ground stress.

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