为系统揭示高强度采动诱发围岩失稳的演化规律并提出有效防控方法,以神东矿区某典型高产煤矿为研究对象,开展了高强度开采条件下围岩失稳机制的理论研究,识别了导致围岩失稳的关键影响因素,并深入分析了采动扰动下围岩的力学响应行为。基于3DEC离散元数值模拟平台,对煤层在不同推进速率(6、8、10、12、14 m/步)条件下的围岩破坏模式及应力分布特征进行了系统仿真。综合理论分析、数值模拟与现场实测数据,提出了以“锚网索”协同作用为核心的强化支护方案,并通过现场监测验证了该支护结构的可靠性与适用性。结果表明:工作面推进过程中围岩失稳主要源于采动扰动引起的损伤累积与应力波效应;支承压力随推进过程呈先增后减的变化趋势,在推进速度为10 m/步时达到峰值35.1 MPa;现场监测数据显示,采用强化支护后巷道表面位移量显著降低46%。研究可为深部高强度开采条件下巷道围岩稳定性控制提供理论支撑与工程参考。
To systematically investigate the evolution law of surrounding rock instability induced by high-intensity mining and develop effective control strategies, a typical high-production coal mine in the Shendong Mining Area is taken as a case study. Theoretical analysis was conducted to clarify the failure mechanism of surrounding rock under high-intensity mining conditions, identifying key influencing factors and thoroughly examining the mechanical response of the rock mass under mining-induced disturbance. Using the 3DEC discrete element numerical simulation platform, systematic simulations were performed to analyze the failure modes and stress distribution characteristics of surrounding rock under different advancing rates (6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 m/step). By integrating theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and field measurement data, an enhanced support scheme centered on the synergistic action of “bolt-mesh-cable” was proposed. The reliability and applicability of this support system were validated through field monitoring. The results indicate that: The instability of surrounding rock during the working face advance is primarily caused by damage accumulation and stress wave effects induced by mining activities. The abutment pressure initially increases and then decreases with the advance, peaking at 35.1 MPa when the advancing rate reaches 10 m/step. Field monitoring data show that the surface displacement of roadways is significantly reduced by 46% after implementing the enhanced support system. This study provides theoretical support and engineering reference for controlling surrounding rock stability under deep high-intensity mining conditions.
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