针对位于鲜水河活动断裂带附近的G4218线康定螺旋隧道群(国内在建规模最大、海拔最高的单层深埋特长螺旋隧道)所面临高地应力、岩爆、大变形、涌水突泥及高地温等复合地质灾害挑战,以岩体构造损伤分区为基础,采用多手段交互验证的综合地质勘察技术,系统查明了隧道群的工程地质问题,勘察效果显著。通过对比施工揭露情况,验证了勘察主要结论的可靠性,并深入剖析差异成因。结果表明:在复杂地质背景下开展长大深埋隧道勘察时,需建立“分区-分段”的精细化勘察体系,强化多维度信息获取与交叉验证分析,以保障结论的科学可靠性。研究成果可为类似隧道的勘察方案设计及优化提供参考。
Focusing on the complex geological hazard challenges—including high ground stress, rockburst, large deformation, water and mud inrush, and high ground temperature—confronted by the Kangding Spiral Tunnel Group of Route G4218 (situated adjacent to the Xianshuihe Active Fault Zone, and being China's largest and highest-altitude single-layer deep-buried extra-long spiral tunnel under construction), this research, grounded in the division of rock mass structural damage zones, employed integrated geological investigation techniques with cross-validation of multiple methods. It systematically ascertained the engineering geological issues of the tunnel group, with notable investigation effectiveness. Through comparison with construction disclosure, the reliability of key investigation conclusions was confirmed, and the causes of discrepancies were analyzed in depth. The study shows that: For surveys of long, deep-buried tunnels in complex geological contexts, a sophisticated “zoning-subsection” investigation system should be established, and multi-dimensional information collection and cross-validation analysis should be enhanced to guarantee the scientific credibility of conclusions. The findings offer a systematic basis for the design and optimization of investigation schemes for similar tunnels.
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