地下水突涌是上海市地下工程建设常遇地质灾害之一,为减少地下空间突涌灾害,根据上海市地下工程含水层最新水文地质数据和空间分布特征,基于两个原则对其进行两阶段分区以满足不同工程建设需要,即①按含水层层数分为6个区,②综合考虑含水层层数、层顶标高和地下水水位分为50个区。工程应用结果表明:工程初步规划阶段大部分区域为同时存在第一、二承压含水层的Ⅱ3区;工程设计和施工阶段面积较大的分区有Ⅱ1+Ⅲ1-a、Ⅱ2+Ⅲ1-a、Ⅱ2+Ⅲ2-a、Ⅱ3+Ⅲ1-a和Ⅱ3+Ⅲ2-a,且地下水情况复杂;根据承压水层分区图可直接识别地下水突涌高风险区以加强防范。研究成果可为上海市地下空间规划和开发中地下水突涌防治提供依据。
Groundwater inrush from underlying aquifers is a typical geological hazard during underground constructions in Shanghai City, China. To reduce water inrush risk in underground space utilization and construction, zoning study on underground engineering-related aquifers in Shanghai City was conducted based on their recent hydro-geological and distribution characteristics. The hydro-geological characteristics were collected and two different criteria were proposed for two-stage aquifer zoning, meeting different engineering requirements: ① According to the number of aquifers, to get 6 zones; ② The number, top elevation and groundwater level of aquifers being considered simultaneously, to get 50 zones. The engineering application results show that: At stage I, most districts are located in zone II3 contains Aquifers I and II; At stage II, most administrative districts (except for Fengxian and Qingpu Districts) contain zones II2+III1-a and II3+III2-a, with complex hydraulic conditions. The aquifer zoning maps with a measure scale ratio of 1∶20 million were drawn, which can be used to identify high water inrush risk zones and special attention should be paid to mitigate the water inrush risk. This study provides a reference for water inrush imagination during future urban underground constructions in Shanghai City, and helpful decision-making information for the government, urban planners and designers.
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