目前对地铁隧道活塞风的研究多基于现场实测或CFD模拟,但结论缺乏普适性。结合工程实际,利用IDA tunnel软件建立了隧道通风一维模型,探究了列车长度(60 m~360 m)、行驶速度(10 m/s~100 m/s)、发车时间间隔(120 s~600 s)、区间隧道长度(1 000 m~10 000 m)和阻塞比(0.1~0.9)等5个因素对隧道内动态活塞风速以及通风换气次数的影响规律,并对仿真结果的正确性进行了验证。最后利用灰关联分析法分析了各因素对通风换气次数的影响强弱,采用多元回归分析法拟合得到了包含这五个影响因素的隧道通风换气次数的预测关联式。结果表明:阻塞比、列车速度、区间隧道长度、列车长度和发车时间间隔对通风换气次数的影响依次减弱;所提出的拟合关系式与模拟计算值和前人的研究成果的对比,吻合度较好,表明该拟合关联式可靠。
At present, the research on characteristics of piston wind flow in subway tunnel is mostly based on in-situ measurement or CFD simulations, but the conclusion lacks universality. A one-dimensional simulation model of ventilation network system related to one-station two-sectional tunnel was established by using the software of IDA tunnel, based on parameters of an actual subway line in practice to investigate the impact of five factors, including train length (60 m~360 m), travel speed (10 m/s~100 m/s), departure interval (120 s~600 s), tunnel length (1 000 m~10 000 m), and blockage ratio (0.1~0.9), on dynamic piston wind speed and ventilation rates within the tunnel. The correctness of the simulation results was verified. Finally, grey correlation analysis was conducted to reveal the influential intensity of each factor on the ventilation rates. Fitting correlation formulae of the maximum piston wind speed and of the piston wind ventilation rates of the tunnel were obtained by multiple regression analysis method. The results indicate that: The influential intensity of blockage ratio, train speed, tunnel length, train length and departure time interval on the ventilation rates decreases in order; The proposed fitting relationship has a good agreement with the simulated calculation values and previous research results, indicating that the fitting correlation is reliable.
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