陕北地区大采高工作面回采后端头易形成三角悬顶区,导致工作面有害气体积聚,大面积三角悬顶严重威胁矿井安全生产。针对这一难题,基于龙华煤矿20202工作面地质条件,通过UDEC和3DEC数值模拟方法,分别分析了巷道顶部锚杆密度和超前支护作用对围岩变形特征的影响。结合浅埋煤层赋存特点,充分利用围岩的自承载作用,提出了巷道围岩非充分控制方法,在保证支护质量和支护效率的同时,减少锚杆数量,降低支护密度,从而降低端头大面积悬顶的风险。在工程应用中取得了较好效果,结果表明:巷道的顶底板与两帮变形均在合理范围内,巷道支护质量满足生产条件;减少巷道顶部锚杆数量可以有效提高巷道掘进效率;巷道围岩非充分控制方法解决了巷道端头三角区大面积悬顶问题,对于浅埋煤层工作面巷道围岩控制有积极意义。
The end of the large mining height working face in the northern Shaanxi area is easy to form a triangular suspended roof area, which leads to the accumulation of harmful gases in the working face, and a large area of triangular suspended roof seriously threatens the safe production of the mine. In view of this problem, based on the geological conditions of 20202 working face in Longhua Coal Mine, the influence of bolt density and advance support on the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock was analyzed by UDEC and 3DEC numerical simulation methods. Combined with the characteristics of shallow coal seam, the non-sufficient control method of roadway surrounding rock is put forward by making full use of the self-bearing effect of surrounding rock. While ensuring the support quality and efficiency, the number of bolts and the support density are reduced, so as to reduce the risk of large area hanging roof at the end. Good results have been achieved in engineering applications. The results show that: The deformation of the roof and floor of the roadway and the two sides are within a reasonable range, and the quality of the roadway support meets the production conditions; reducing the number of bolts at the top of the roadway can effectively improve the efficiency of roadway excavation; the non-sufficient control method of roadway surrounding rock solves the problem of large area hanging roof in the triangle area of roadway end, which has positive significance for the control of roadway surrounding rock in shallow coal seam working face.
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