覆土建筑起源于窑洞与地下建筑,又被遗忘于历史长河。当今世界,在可持续理念影响下,覆土建筑以其优异的节能和环境保护特性重新被提起,并备受青睐。其从古代窑洞到住宅、博展类,乃至办公类建筑,发展过程中存在的一个主要挑战就是如何有效组织自然采光和通风。通过对13个覆土建筑案例研究总结,覆土型办公建筑可通过调整建筑形体与功能布局、增大开窗界面、置入中介空间、运用被动式技术等多种策略的结合,以满足不同建筑侧重的多元化解决方式。以安徽合肥新河村办公综合体为策略实践对象,基于覆土建筑价值提升、建筑可持续性和办公舒适度优化的目标,运用Climate Studio和斯维尔Vent分别对应用策略前后建筑进行采光通风模拟。通过对模拟结果的评估与优化,寻求自然通风与采光的解决方式。

Earth-sheltered architecture, which originated from cave dwellings and underground buildings, was largely forgotten over time. In the present day, influenced by the concept of sustainability, earth-sheltered architecture has been revived due to its excellent energy-saving and environmental protection characteristics. One of the main challenges in its development from ancient cave dwellings to residences, exhibition halls, and even office buildings is how to effectively integrate natural lighting and ventilation. Through the case study of 13 earth-sheltered buildings, it was found that earth-sheltered office buildings can meet the diversified solutions of different architectural focuses by adjusting the shape and functional layout of the building, increasing the window opening interface, placing intermediary space, and using passive technology. These combined approaches offer a diversified range of solutions tailored to the specific needs of different building types. Taking the office complex of Xinhe Village in Hefei, Anhui Province as the strategic practice object, based on the goals of improving the value of earth-sheltered architecture, promote building sustainability, and optimize office comfort, climate Studio and Swire Vent were used to simulate the natural daylight and ventilation of the buildings before and after the implementation of the strategies. By evaluating and optimizing the simulation results, the solution of natural ventilation and daylight is sought.