防灾与环境

双火源隧道火灾烟气特性试验与数值模拟

  • 孙建春 ,
  • 张敏 ,
  • 卢小刚 ,
  • 杨世涌 ,
  • 张孝春
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  • 1.西南石油大学 土木工程与测绘学院,成都 610500;
    2.四川省交通建设集团有限责任公司,成都 610000;
    3.广东工业大学 环境科学与工程学院,广州 510006
孙建春(1982—),男,河南商丘人,博士,讲师,主要从事隧道及地下空间通风、火灾安全研究工作。E-mail:201999010173@swpu.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2024-10-08

  网络出版日期: 2025-09-03

基金资助

广东普通高校VR/AR 应用集成工程技术开发中心(2023GCZX013);国家自然科学基金(52276108)

Experiment and Numerical Simulation on Smoke Characteristics of Double-Fire Sources Tunnel

  • Sun Jianchun ,
  • Zhang Min ,
  • Lu Xiaogang ,
  • Yang Shiyong ,
  • Zhang Xiaochun
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  • 1. School of Civil Engineering and Geomatics, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, P.R. China;
    2. Sichuan Transportation Construction Group Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610000, P.R. China;
    3. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P.R. China

Received date: 2024-10-08

  Online published: 2025-09-03

摘要

基于隧道多火源事故的严重危害性,本文研究了隧道内发生双火源事故时的火灾烟气特性。通过在平原地区进行缩尺试验,研究了火源间距及纵向通风速度对双火源隧道拱顶温度的影响;采用FDS软件研究了海拔高度及纵向通风速度对双火源隧道内温度演变及临界风速的影响。结果表明:随着双火源间距的增大,隧道下游烟气温升纵向衰减减缓,拱顶最高温降低,建立了双火源下游纵向温度衰减模型及双火源拱顶最高温预测模型;在低海拔或高海拔地区发生火灾时,纵向通风降低了双火源拱顶最高温;随着海拔高度的升高,双火源拱顶最高温升高,双火源临界风速增大,而双火源人眼特征高度处最高温降低,建立了不同海拔高度下的双火源临界风速经验公式。

本文引用格式

孙建春 , 张敏 , 卢小刚 , 杨世涌 , 张孝春 . 双火源隧道火灾烟气特性试验与数值模拟[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2025 , 21(4) : 1405 -1416 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2025.04.32

Abstract

Based on the serious hazards of multiple-fire source accidents in tunnels, this paper investigates the characteristics of fire smoke in the case of double-fire source accidents in tunnels. By conducting a double-fire source scale-down test in the plain area, the effects of fire source spacing and longitudinal ventilation speed on the temperature in the tunnel vault of a double-fire source are investigated; By conducting a full-size numerical simulation with FDS software, the effects of altitude and longitudinal ventilation speed on the temperature evolution and critical velocity inside a double-fire source tunnel are investigated. The results show that: As the spacing of the double-fire source increases, the longitudinal decay of the smoke temperature rise downstream of the tunnel slows down, and the maximum temperature of the vault decreases, the longitudinal temperature decay model downstream of the double-fire source and the prediction model of the maximum temperature of the vault of the double-fire source are established. In the event of a fire at low or high altitude, longitudinal ventilation reduces the maximum temperature in the vault of a double-fire source. With the increase of altitude, the maximum temperature of the vault of the double-fire source increases, the critical wind speed of the double-fire source increases, while the maximum temperature at the characteristic height of the human eye of the double-fire source decreases. The empirical formula of the critical velocity of the double-fire source at different altitudes is established.

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