高海拔寒区隧道水热力现场试验及数值模拟

潘振华; 包卫星; 郭强; 车博文; 卢汉青

doi:10.20174/j.JUSE.2025.02.31

地下空间与工程学报 >

2025 , Vol. 21 >Issue 2: 637 - 647

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20174/j.JUSE.2025.02.31

设计、施工、监测

高海拔寒区隧道水热力现场试验及数值模拟

潘振华 ,
包卫星 ,
郭强 ,
车博文 ,
卢汉青

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1.长安大学公路学院,西安 710064;
2.新疆交通建设管理局,乌鲁木齐 830049

潘振华(1999—),男,四川乐山人,硕士生,主要从事寒区隧道多场耦合领域的研究工作。E-mail:2021121102@chd.edu.cn

包卫星(1979—),男,新疆乌鲁木齐人,博士,教授、博士生导师,主要从事特殊地区公路岩土工程、地下工程等领域的研究工作。E-mail:baowx@chd.edu.cn

收稿日期: 2024-04-17

网络出版日期: 2025-05-06

基金资助

新疆重大科技专项(2020A03003-7);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2021JM-180);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(领军人才计划)(300102211302)

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Field Test and Numerical Simulation of Hydraulic-Thermal-Mechanical Tunnel in High Altitude Cold Area

Pan Zhenhua ,
Bao Weixing ,
Guo Qiang ,
Che Bowen ,
Lu Hanqing

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1. School of Highway, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, P.R. China;
2. Xinjiang Transportation Construction Administration Bureau, Urumqi 830049, P.R. China

Received date: 2024-04-17

Online published: 2025-05-06

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摘要

在高海拔寒区,隧道病害严重威胁着道路的行车安全。本文利用现场试验获得的大量监测数据,研究了青藏高原某高海拔寒区隧道的气候特征及温度场时空分布规律,建立了水–热–力耦合冻胀模型,同时,采用COMSOL数学模块中的系数型偏微分方程和固体力学模型进行水热力数值模拟,利用监测数据验证了该模型的准确性,在此基础上,研究了该寒区隧道工程的水热力学分布特性,结果表明:外界气温与隧道温度之间具有强相关性,离洞口越近,两者之间响应越强;气温对隧道径向温度场的影响主要体现在衬砌和浅层围岩,对深层围岩温度影响较小且相对滞后;隧道洞口段衬砌和路面冻害严重,在冷季,隧道仰拱处的含冰量和边墙处的混凝土二衬应力达到最大值;此外,气象要素、衬砌与围岩间的相互作用是引起高海拔寒区隧道洞口段冻害破坏的主要原因。研究结果有助于更好地认识高海拔寒区隧道的水热力作用机理,可为寒区隧道工程的设计和养护提供科学依据。

关键词： 高海拔; 寒区隧道; 温度; 气候特征; 水热力耦合; 数值模拟

本文引用格式

潘振华 , 包卫星 , 郭强 , 车博文 , 卢汉青 . 高海拔寒区隧道水热力现场试验及数值模拟[J]. 地下空间与工程学报, 2025 , 21(2) : 637 -647 . DOI: 10.20174/j.JUSE.2025.02.31

Abstract

In the high altitude cold area, tunnel disease is a serious threat to road safety. In this paper, a large number of monitoring data obtained from field experiments are used to study the climatic characteristics and temporal and spatial distribution of temperature field in a tunnel in a cold area of high altitude on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The coupling frost heave model of hydraulic-thermal-mechanical is established, and the hydraulic-thermal-mechanical numerical simulation is carried out by using the coefficient type partial differential equation and the solid mechanics model in COMSOL mathematical module. The accuracy of the model was verified by the monitoring data. On this basis, the hydraulic-thermal-mechanical distribution characteristics of the tunnel project in the cold region were studied. The results show that there is a strong correlation between the outside air temperature and the tunnel temperature, and the closer to the entrance, the stronger the response between the two. The influence of air temperature on the radial temperature field of tunnel is mainly reflected in the lining and shallow surrounding rock, and the influence on the temperature of deep surrounding rock is small and relatively lagging. In the cold season, the ice content at the invert of the tunnel and the secondary lining stress at the side wall of the tunnel reach the maximum. In addition, the interaction between meteorological elements, lining and surrounding rock is the main cause of freezing damage at tunnel entrance in high altitude cold area. The research results are helpful to better understand the mechanism of hydraulic-thermal-mechanical action of tunnels in cold areas of high altitude, and provide scientific basis and reference for the design and maintenance of tunnel engineering in cold areas.

Key words： high altitude; cold region tunnels; temperature; climate characteristics; hydraulic-thermal-mechanical coupling; numerical simulation

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