为研究在具有恒阻变形性能的恒阻锚杆支护下锚固体宏观损伤演化规律及力学特性,本文基于围岩强度强化理论和相似理论,设计并研制恒阻锚杆相似物理模型,以恒阻锚固体为研究对象,采用理论分析、室内试验等手段,研究不同支护数量锚固体在单轴压缩条件下裂纹、位移场及温度场等的演化规律,结果表明:(1)在单轴压缩条件下,试件宏观裂纹和散斑位移云图具有一致性,恒阻锚杆支护数量为0、1、2、4套时,锚固体宏观裂纹和散斑云图均呈双“Y”形、“人”字形、“Ⅲ”形和“Ⅱ”形;(2)锚杆支护数量增加,锚固体竖向承载压力峰值、竖向最大恒阻值均增大,且竖向承载能力、横向恒阻变形量、最大主应变应变率以及横向变形能力均提高; (3)锚固体在锚杆的支护作用下内部塑性区仍具有一定的承载能力,锚固体峰后强度得到提升,内部颗粒摩擦产生的热辐射效应也随之逐渐增强;(4)锚杆支护数量增加,平均红外辐射温度最大变化率从0.098%升至1.56%,其曲线的波幅和响应程度提高;(5)原始红外辐射热像序列方差的极差值从0.000 9升至0.25, 其曲线波动相比平均红外辐射温度曲线更明显,且响应程度也逐渐提高。
In order to study the evolution law and mechanical characteristics of anchor solids under the support of constant resistance anchor rods with constant resistance deformation performance, a similar physical model of constant resistance anchor rods was designed and developed based on the strengthening theory and similar theory of surrounding rock strength. Taking constant resistance anchor solids as the research object, using theoretical analysis and indoor tests to reveal the evolution laws of cracks, displacement fields and temperature fields of anchor solids with different support quantities under uniaxial compression conditions. The test results show that: (1)Under uniaxial compression conditions, when the number of constant resistance anchor supports is 0, 1, 2 and 4 sets, the macro crack and speckle cloud pattern of anchor solid are double " Y", "人", "III." and "II.". (2)The number of bolt supports increases, the vertical peak bearing pressure and the maximum vertical constant resistance value of the anchor solid increase, and the vertical bearing capacity, lateral constant resistance deformation, maximum principal strain rate and lateral deformation capacity increase; (3)The anchor solid still has a certain bearing capacity in the internal plastic zone under the support of the anchor rod, and the strength of the anchor solid after the peak is improved, and the thermal radiation effect caused by internal particle friction is gradually enhanced; (4)The number of bolt supports increases, the maximum rate of change of average infrared radiation temperature increases from 0.098% to 1.56%, and the amplitude and response degree of the curve increases; The range value of the variance of the original infrared thermal image sequence increased from 0.000 9 to 0.25, and the curve fluctuation is more obvious than that of the average infrared radiation temperature curve, and the response degree is gradually improved.
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