隧洞岩石掘进机(Tunnel Boring Machine,TBM)施工方法因其“安全、高效、经济”的特点,越来越多的应用在交通、水利等国家重大工程建设中。然而,TBM对不良地质的适应性较差,当遭遇断层破碎带、突泥涌水等不良地质灾害时,导致掘进效率低下、工期延误和严重的经济损失。为确保TBM施工安全、顺利掘进,提出综合超前地质预报体系,利用地质分析法、SAP(Seismic Ahead Prospecting)法和IP(Induced Polarization)法对不良地质区域进行超前预报,探明隧洞掌子面前方断层破碎带、含水体等不良地质体位置。研究成果成功应用于滇中引水工程香炉山隧洞7号洞TBM施工段,以D1K55+086~D1K54+986段为例,采用了综合超前地质预报体系,提前探明了隧洞前方的围岩破碎程度及地下水发育情况,为施工单位施工处置提供科学依据。本文成果可为相似地质情况隧洞施工提供借鉴。
The construction method of Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) is more and more widely used in major national engineering construction such as transportation and water conservancy due to its "safe, efficient and economical" characteristics. However, TBM has poor adaptability to unfavourable geological hazards, such as fault fracture zone, mud outburst and water gushing, resulting in low tunneling efficiency, construction delay and serious economic loss. In order to ensure the safety and smooth tunneling of TBM construction, a comprehensive advanced geological prediction system is put forward. The geological analysis method, seismic wave method and excitation polarization method are used to forecast the unfavorable geological area in advance, and the location of the unfavorable geological body such as fault fracture zone and water body in front of the tunnel face is proved. The research results have been successfully applied to TBM construction section of Xianglushan tunnel in central Yunnan water diversion project. Taking section D1K55+086~D1K54+986 as an example, the comprehensive advanced geological prediction system was adopted to confirm the degree of surrounding rock breakage and groundwater development in front of the tunnel in advance. It provides scientific basis for construction unit and reference for tunnel construction under similar geological conditions.
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