对高地温隧道施工期环境温度分布展开实地调研,在量化隧道内热源后建立高地温隧道独头通风三维数值模型,并通过监测数据与模拟结果验证了模型可靠性,进而展开隧道环境温度分布特征及通风参数优化研究,结果表明:(1)隧道沿程环境温度分布可分为2个区段,掌子面20 m范围内呈骤增再降低趋势,掌子面20 m后至洞口段随入口风温降低或风量增大呈现出先增大后降低再持续增大趋势;(2)入口风温降低使隧道环境温度峰值呈线性降低特征,风量增大使隧道环境温度峰值呈二次函数降低特征,表明入口风温较风量对隧道环境温度峰值影响更显著;(3)利用多元函数建立风量—风温因素耦合的隧道环境温度预测模型,表明当入口风温≤15 ℃时,风量＞40 m3/s即可满足隧道环境施工要求,入口风温高于20 ℃,需要额外采取其他降温措施。
A field investigation was conducted on the temperature distribution of the high-temperature tunnel environment during the construction period, and a three-dimensional numerical model for single-head ventilation of the high-temperature tunnel during the construction period was established after quantifying the heat source based on the construction conditions. After verifying the reliability of the numerical model, a study was conducted on the distribution characteristics of tunnel temperature and optimization of ventilation parameters. The results show that: (1) The environmental temperature distribution along the tunnel can be divided into two sections. Within the first 20 meters from the heading face, there is a sudden increase followed by a decreasing trend, while from 20 meters beyond the heading face to the tunnel entrance, there is a trend of initial increase, followed by a decrease, and then a continuous increase with decreasing inlet air temperature or increasing airflow; (2) Decreasing inlet air temperature leads to a linear decrease in the peak environmental temperature within the tunnel, while increasing airflow results in a quadratic decrease in the peak environmental temperature, indicating that inlet air temperature has a more significant impact on the peak environmental temperature within the tunnel compared to airflow; (3) Utilizing a multivariate function, we established a predictive model for tunnel environmental temperature considering the coupling effects of airflow and inlet air temperature. The model suggests that when the inlet air temperature is ≤15 ℃, an airflow rate of >40 m3/s is sufficient to meet the construction requirements for the tunnel environment. However, when the inlet air temperature exceeds 20 ℃, additional cooling measures are necessary.
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