当隧道穿越高温热泉断层破碎带时,施工人员将面临高温高湿环境,而钻爆法隧道施工工序复杂,劳动强度大,高湿环境对隧道人员的影响巨大。为保障隧道施工人员的安全健康,本文基于能量代谢率变化规律得到高温高湿环境隧道施工人员劳动强度修正等级和人体预测热应激修正模型,给出了高温高湿环境下隧道施工人员安全连续劳动时间建议,并在高温隧道进行了现场测试。结果表明:当温度大于30 ℃,湿度大于70%时,温度每增加4 ℃,或相对湿度每上升10%,隧道施工人员劳动强度等级约增加一级;当温度超过38 ℃,相对湿度大于90%或温度超过40 ℃,相对湿度大于70%时,所施工人员均应停止作业,现场测试结果表明人体热应激修正模型误差小于5%。
When the tunnel passes through the fracture zone of the high-temperature hot spring fault, construction personnel will encounter a challenging environment characterized by high temperature and humidity. The construction process involving drilling and blasting is complex, leading to high labor intensity. Regrettably, existing research has overlooked the impact of high-humidity environments on tunnel personnel. To ensure the safety and well-being of construction workers in such conditions, this study establishes revised labor intensity grades for tunnel construction personnel operating in high-temperature, high-humidity environments. Additionally, it develops a human body predicted heat stress correction model based on changes in energy metabolic rates. Furthermore, recommendations are provided regarding safe continuous working times for tunnel construction personnel under these conditions. Field tests were conducted within a hot tunnel environment to validate these findings. Results indicate that when temperatures exceed 30 ℃ and humidity surpasses 70%, labor intensity levels for tunnel construction personnel increase by approximately one grade for every 4 ℃ rise in temperature or 10% increase in relative humidity. When temperatures exceed 38 ℃ with relative humidity exceeding 90%, or when temperatures exceed 40 ℃ with relative humidity over 70%, operations should be halted by construction personnel as per safety guidelines. Notably, field test results demonstrate that the error margin of the human heat stress correction model remains below 5%.
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