地下空间评价是服务地下空间开发的先导性工作,近二十年以来,国内多个城市开展了不同尺度的地下空间开发地质适宜性评价,由于评价语义不明确以及地质条件和技术人员认识差异等原因,各城市在评价指标选取和赋权方法选择上不尽相同,制约了评价成果的推广和应用。本文基于系统理论提出地下空间开发地质适宜性评价是以地下空间系统边界、组成要素为研究对象,对系统在外部扰动作用下保持相对平衡状态能力进行评判的一项工作,阐明了具体评价要素和内容;在此基础上,重点针对评价指标体系中的层级组织、粒度选择,指标赋权中的方法选择、优化及校验评估等关键问题,构建了一套方法流程体系。海口江东新区的实践表明,以“限制级、安全级、成本级”划分第一准则层,以“复合迭代熵权法”进行权值计算,以统计评估、专业评估和多方法对比进行权值评估的方法,既体现了专业知识的导向性,也体现了数据的客观性与区分性,可为我国滨海平原城市地下空间开发地质适宜性评价提供方法参考。
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