为扩大城市容量,解决人口、土地、资源、环境之间的矛盾,地下生活空间(地铁、地下商场、地下车库)的开发成为必然趋势。我国地下人防工程由于相对通风不畅和污染物种类特殊容易出现空气质量问题,而现有设计规范和验收标准多从空气质量的客观指标对室内环境进行评价,缺乏在其中生活人员的感知评估。随着健康建筑的概念深入人心,对于建筑评价的关注点由绿色节能转变为健康舒适,人们越来越重视感知室内空气的气味,在评估空气质量时应考虑人们的主观感受。基于此,通过对真实地下人防工程内部生活现状进行调研,将客观环境参数测量与主观问卷调查感知相结合进行综合评价,发现感知空气质量的不满意率高达26%,因此地下空间的空气品质的提升需要引起重视。
In order to expand urban capacity and solve the contradiction among population, land, resources and environment, underground living spaces (e.g., subways, underground shopping malls, basement parking) have become a necessary trend. The underground civil air defense project is prone to cause poor air quality due to relatively insufficient ventilation and special types of pollutants in China. However, existing design specification and acceptance criteria are based on objective measurements of indoor parameters rather than perception for evaluation. With the concept of healthy building becoming popular, the evaluation of indoor air quality has changed from green energy conservation to health and comfort. People paid more and more attention to the odor of indoor air. Subjective feelings should be considered when evaluating indoor air quality. Based on this, a comprehensive evaluation of the internal underground civil air defense project should be conducted combining objective parameter measurement with subjective questionnaire perception. It was found that the dissatisfaction rate of perceived air quality was high up 26%. Underground indoor air quality needs to be taken seriously.
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